AMBIVALENCE OF THE DISCOURSE OF DEVELOPMENT CRITIQUE IN AHMAD TOHARI’S ORANG-ORANG PROYEK NOVEL: A POSTCOLONIAL STUDY
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The development discourse reproduced by the New Order government oriented towards modernity and economic progress in line with the discourse of Western colonialism that ultimately led to capitalist profits. Ahmad Tohari's novel Orang-Orang Proyek (OOP) records the embodiment of a government development project in the form of the construction of a bridge in Cibawor village. The novel contains criticism of the development discourse in the New Order era, but the criticism constructed in the novel is influenced by the discourse of Western colonialism. This study analyzes how the author constructs a critique of the development discourse of the New Order era in the OOP novel through the theory of Postcolonialism. The method used is qualitative method. The results of the study indicate that the author's critique of development discourse in the OOP novel is still influenced by colonial thinking. 1. The discourse of development is positioned as a civilizing mission leading to modernity, aimed at economic progress, built on a foundation of rationality through education, and dominated by masculinity. 2. The ideal discourse of development is constructed through Western-style binary opposition. 3. The author experiences ambivalence in constructing a critique of development. Analysis within OOP shows that the author not only opposes Western discourse with the East, but also with the West itself.
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