ETIOLOGICAL NARRATIVES AND MORAL DIMENSIONS IN THE TALE OF THE EAGLE AND THE CHICKEN: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INDONESIAN AND PHILIPPINE FOLKTALES
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This study conducts a comparative analysis of the Indonesian and Philippine folktales "The Eagle and the Rooster" and "The Eagle and the Hen" to explore their psychological dimensions and moral functions. Utilizing a qualitative comparative content analysis, the research integrates Jungian archetypal theory and Freud's structural model (id, ego, super-ego) as analytical frameworks. The findings reveal core similarities: both narratives feature the Id's impulsive drives, a failing Ego, and a punishing Super-Ego embodied by the eagle, which delivers collective punishment. Culturally specific variations emerged in the ego defense mechanisms; the Indonesian tale exhibits repression and regression, while the Philippine tale employs rationalization and reaction formation. This research contributes to literary psychology by demonstrating how folktales encode psychological wisdom and moral teachings, offering practical implications for moral education and cultural understanding. The study's limitation is its focus on two Southeast Asian tales, suggesting future research on a broader corpus of narratives.
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