Gender inequality and women’s resistance in Saman and Jalan Bandungan: A comparative feminist analysis
Downloads
This thesis offers a dialetically comparative map of gender oppression and female agency in two canonical Indonesian novels: Saman by Ayu Utami (1998) and Jalan Bandungan by Nh. Dini (1989). Operating under a geo-historical framework that assumes the socio-political hegemony of the New Order state, the texts serve as both mimetic histioriographies and textual counters-archives which index the pervassive power of "State Ibuism" as a gender ideology that relegated Indonesian women to reproductive-domestic roles while expunging them from political strategy. Applying the combined perspective of Feminist Literary Criticism and Sociology of Literature, I delineate how each instance of oppression is articulated simultaneously in both visceral-sexual taboos and institution-bureaucratic configurations. There are two specific types of women's resistance operating in the two books: Saman offers personal-existential-body level resistance that subverts thepatriarchal censorship of bodies and religious texts,whereasJalan Bandungan utilizes institution-economic-bureaucratic resistance which relies on professional independence,de-stigmatization, and legalsubjectivity. This work underscores the 'novelty' in comparing the two by demonstratingshow the need to subvert the body ("skin") of the stateand its corresponding structure ("bone" of law and economics) in order for self-release or emancipation to achieve institutional legitimacy and endurance.
Afdholy, N., & Tjahjono, T. (2020). Menghalau domestifikasi dan feodalisme: Daya subjektivitas NH. Dini dalam novel Jalan Bandungan. Puitika, 16(1), 29–47. https://doi.org/10.25077/puitika.16.1.29--47.2020
Astuti, D. W. S. (2015). Kajian feminisme dalam novel karya Ayu Utami. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Khatulistiwa, 4(9),
https://doi.org/10.26418/jppk.v4i9.11227
Bernadeta, B., Martono, & Seli, S. (2015). Bentuk ketidakadilan terhadap perempuan dalam novel Jalan Bandungan karya Nh. Dini. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Khatulistiwa, 4(5), 1–13.
https://doi.org/10.26418/jppk.v4i5.10014
Blackburn, S. (2004). Women and the state in modern Indonesia. Cambridge University Press.
Brenner, S. A. (1998). The domestication of desire: Women, wealth, and modernity in Java. Princeton University Press.
de Beauvoir, S. (1989). The second sex (H. M. Parshley, Trans.). Vintage Books. (Original work published 1949)
Devita, D., Nadeak, P., & Wartiningsih, A. (2019). Feminisme dalam novel Jalan Bandungan karya Nh. Dini. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Khatulistiwa, 8(9). https://doi.org/10.26418/jppk.v8i9.35413
Dini, N. H. (2009). Jalan Bandungan. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. (Original work published 1989)
Endraswara, S. (2011). Metodologi penelitian sastra: Epistemologi, model, teori, dan aplikasi. CAPS.
Faruk. (2012). Pengantar sosiologi sastra: Dari strukturalisme genetik sampai post-modernisme. Pustaka Pelajar.
Hasanah, A. U. (2022). Citra perempuan dalam novel Jalan Bandungan karya Nh. Dini: Tinjauan kritik sastra feminis [Skripsi, Universitas Hasanuddin].
https://repository.unhas.ac.id/id/eprint/24149/
Jauss, H. R. (1982). Toward an aesthetic of reception (T. Bahti, Trans.). University of Minnesota Press.
Mulvey, L. (1975). Visual pleasure and narrative cinema. Screen, 16(3), 6–18. https://doi.org/10.1093/screen/16.3.6
Murniati, A. N. P. (2004). Getar gender: Buku pertama. IndonesiaTera.
Nurgiyantoro, B. (2013). Teori pengkajian fiksi (Edisi revisi). Gadjah Mada University Press.
Nuri, Z., & Machdalena, S. (2020). Pembentukan identitas sosial perempuan pada zaman Orde Baru dalam novel Saman karya Ayu Utami. Humanisma: Journal of Gender Studies, 4(2), 208–223. https://doi.org/10.30983/humanisme.v4i2.3464
Pradopo, R. D. (2005). Beberapa teori sastra, metode kritik dan penerapannya. Pustaka Pelajar.
Ratna, N. K. (2013). Paradigma sosiologi sastra. Pustaka Pelajar.
Remak, H. H. H. (1971). Comparative literature: Its definition and function. In N. P. Stallknecht & H. Frenz (Eds.), Comparative literature: Method and perspective (Rev. ed.). Southern Illinois University Press.
Riyanti, E., Tjahjono, T., & Suhartono. (2023). Ekspresi seksualitas perempuan dalam novel Saman dan Larung karya Ayu Utami. Edukasia: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 4(2), 1211–1222. https://doi.org/10.62775/edukasia.v4i2.418
Robinson, K. (2009). Gender, Islam and democracy in Indonesia. Routledge.
Showalter, E. (1985). Toward a feminist poetics. In E. Showalter (Ed.), The new feminist criticism: Essays on women, literature, and theory (pp. 125–143). Pantheon Books.
Sudiati. (2016). Wujud permasalahan wanita dalam novel Saman karya Ayu Utami. Diksi, 24(1), 27-39. https://doi.org/10.21831/diksi.v24i1.11498
Sugihastuti, & Suharto. (2002). Kritik sastra feminis: Teori dan aplikasinya. Pustaka Pelajar.
Suryakusuma, J. I. (2011). State ibuism: The social construction of womanhood in New Order Indonesia. Komunitas Bambu.
Utami, A. (2013). Saman. Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia. (Original work published 1998)
Wahyuli Martha, R., Asri, Y., & Hayati, Y. (2018). Women’s resistance towards the patriarchal culture system in Geni Jora novel by Abidah El Khalieqy and Jalan Bandungan by NH. Dini. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Language, Literature, and Education (ICLLE 2018) (pp. 498–504). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/iclle-18.2018.84
Wellek, R., & Warren, A. (2014). Teori Kesusasteraan (M. Budianta, Trans). Gramedia Pustaka Utama. (Original work published 1948)
Wiyatmi. (2012). Kritik sastra feminis: Teori dan aplikasinya dalam sastra Indonesia. Ombak
Copyright (c) 2026 Rosliani, Zuraidah Nasution, Bambang Riyanto, Muharrina Harahap
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
