Prosiding Konferensi Internasional Kesusasteraan

BEYOND CRAFT: EMPOWERING EDUCATORS AND STUDENTS THROUGH SDG-INTEGRATED CREATIVE WRITING PEDAGOGY

2025-12-05T08:55:49+07:00

This paper moves beyond skill-based instruction to introduce a transformative framework for creative writing pedagogy: integrating the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It argues that this approach empowers educators by positioning them as literacy sponsors who intentionally use their authority to endorse work engaged with global themes. Simultaneously, it empowers students by guiding them into the initial stage of becoming future literacy sponsors, framing their creative work as a vital form of civic participation and critical engagement with global issues. The paper also provides practical models for SDG integration, demonstrating how this pedagogy fosters a cycle of agency and redefines creative writing as a practice of meaningful, world-building literacy.

NGELUKAT: AN ECOCRITICISM AND ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIVISM STUDY IN THE LIFE TRADITION OF THE OSING COMMUNITY, BANYUWANGI

2025-12-05T08:57:50+07:00

This study examines the tradition of ngelukat, particularly the selapanan ritual, within the Osing community of Banyuwangi through the perspectives of ecocriticism and environmental activism. The research focuses on the representation of the tradition in the Banyuwangi Ethno Carnival (BEC) 2025 and the actual implementation of selapanan in Secang Barat Village. Using a qualitative approach that integrates oral traditions, ecocriticism, and environmental activism, this study analyzes the symbolic meanings and socio-cultural functions of the ritual. The findings reveal that selapanan is not merely a life-cycle rite but a complex cultural text. The ritual functions as a medium for transmitting cultural, spiritual, and ecological values through oral narratives, mantras, and symbols in ritual offerings. From an ecocritical perspective, the use of natural elements such as water, flowers, and soil reflect the harmonious relationship between the Osing community and their environment, underscoring the ecological wisdom embedded in local culture. In conclusion, the selapanan tradition represents a form of cultural green activism that unites spiritual, aesthetic, and ecological sustainability dimensions. This study recommends that the local wisdom within this tradition can serve as a foundation for addressing contemporary environmental issues while preserving the cultural identity of the Osing people amidst modernity.

FEMALE'S ISSUES IN CHARACTERIZATION OF INDONESIAN MALAY LITERARY WORKS IN THE ERA from 1920 to 1940

2025-12-05T05:31:12+07:00

One of the highlights in Indonesian Malay literary works from 1920 to 1940 is the phenomenon of female's existence in social and cultural perspectives as reflected in twelve selected novels. This article aims to describe the issues of Indonesian Malay women as reflected in a number of literary works from 1920 to 1940, namely Azab dan Sengsara (1920) by Merari Siregar; Sitti Nurbaya (1922) by Marah Rusli; Salah Asuhan (1928) by Abdoel Moeis; Tak Putus Dirdung Malang (1929) by Sutan Takdir Alisyahbana; Sengsara Brings Nikmat (1929) by Tulis Sutan Sati; Karena Mentua (1930) by Nur Sutan Iskandar; Dian Yang Tak Kunjung Padam (1932) by Sutan Takdir Alisyahbana; Kalau Tak Untung (1933) by Selasih; Si Cebol Rindukan Bulan (1934) by Datuk Madjoido; Hilang Mestika (1934) by Fatimah Hasan Delais or Hamidah; Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck (1938) by Hamka; and Layar Terkembang (1938) by Sutan Takdir Alisyahbana. The selected literary works are the main research data analyzed through the integration of the Structural Literary Approach method with Feminist Literary Criticism which emphasizes women's issues in literary structures such as characterization and themes carried by the literary works. The results of the data analysis are then presented descriptively, namely explaining fictional facts as narrated in literary works. The facts obtained from the narratives of Indonesian Malay literature from 1920 – 1940 related to women's issues are the intervention of parents and family in matchmaking, devotion to parents, obedience to customs, maintaining purity/self-honor, true love for the soul/spirituality, marriage partners based on social status, death due to failed lovemaking, uneducated women resigned to domestication, and educated women being resilient in facing life's problems.

A PORTRAIT OF DEVELOPMENT IN W.S. RENDRA’S POEM BLUES FOR BONNIE

2025-12-05T05:37:49+07:00

This research aimed to analyze the interrelation between literature, education, and social movements through a case study of the poem Portrait of Development in the Poem: Blues for Bonnie by WS Rendra. The research method used in this study was descriptive qualitative analysis with a sociological literary criticism approach. Data were obtained through close reading, data classification, analysis of the socio-historical context, interpretation of meaning, and synthesis of findings from the poem’s text, as well as the expansion of its social-political context during the time of its creation. The findings indicate that WS Rendra’s poem functions not only as an aesthetic expression but also as an educational medium that raises public awareness of issues related to development and injustice. By portraying critical social conditions, the poem stimulates reflection and encourages social movements for change. This critique is conveyed through diction, imagery, figurative language, and stylistic choices that illustrate social inequality and dehumanization resulting from development. The conclusion of this research is that literature, particularly poetry, holds great potential as a transformative tool that connects education and the awakening of social consciousness, which in turn can contribute to broader social change.

DEVELOPING CREATIVE INDUSTRY -BASED ORAL TRADITION

2025-12-05T05:40:49+07:00

This study aims to develop a creative industry -based oral traditions mediated by language. Oral traditions serve as one of the media that embody local wisdom. The development of creative industries rooted in oral traditions simultaneously functions as a strategy for preserving local cultural values. The development of the creative industry is carried out through an integrated process involving the production of language-based content, the adaptation of oral literature, visual design, and digital marketing strategies. The second stage identifies oral traditions and local wisdom with the potential to serve as the foundation for creative industry development. The third stage identifies alternative creative industry products by utilizing local materials that act as markers of local identity. Furthermore, the development of creative industries is conducted by engaging younger generations to ensure the socialization and internalization of local cultural values while prioritizing cultural, environmental, and economically beneficial education through enjoyable and relevant approaches, such as short videos, online comics, T-shirt designs, and other creative products. Culture in general, and oral traditions in particular, continue to be practiced and lived within communities, which means they maintain their potential for further development as sources of economic value.

EXPLORATION OF BUGIS ORAL LITERATURE "MEONGPALO KARELLAE" IN THE MASSUREK TRADITION: A STUDY OF THE MADDOJA BINE TRADITION IN MAROS

2025-12-05T05:43:59+07:00

Meong Palo Karellae is a Bugis ethnic oral literature that forms part of the ancient epic I La Galigo. This folklore narrates the origin of rice, which is usually performed during the planting season ritual. This study is important for preserving old literary heritage that embodies local wisdom, so that the younger generation has references for building strong character. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a hermeneutic theoretical approach. The steps include preparing the story text, collecting data, analysis, interpretation, and data triangulation. The exploration results show that the oral literature Meong Palo Karellae demonstrates forms of adaptation, pattern change, integration, and latency. The good character traits found in Meong Palo Karellae include: (1) helpfulness, (2) care, (3) respect for guests, (4) tolerance, (5) environmental preservation, (6) loyalty, and (7) steadfastness in principles. The negative traits include: (1) stinginess, (2) selfishness, (3) greed, and (4) anger. Oral literature serves as a bridge between the past and the present, teaching the younger generation about local wisdom that remains relevant in responding to contemporary challenges.

BAT CAVE: A RIVER TOURISM DESTINATION IN BUKIT LAWANG PRESERVED TO PREVENT LOCAL COMMUNITY CONFLICTS

2025-12-05T05:46:33+07:00

Landak River is a tourist destination in the Landak River stream. Its main attraction is the story found in the text Bat Cave or Goa Kelelawar. Along with the story of Goa Kelelawar (Bat Cave) conveys ideas and thoughts for a religious and harmonious life that is truly enchanting. The reality of the Bat Cave story has transformed from an oral tradition to a discourse of reality to an object of the will of its audience to avoid conflict among fellow citizens in Bukit Lawang Bahorok Langkat. The existence of the text content and context of the Bat Cave story in its audience's region is bound by two principles, namely de facto and de jure. The purpose of the discussion shows that the community of the Bat Cave story lies in the form and meaning of the symbols in the story, not merely in the language. The meaning of the story differs from the meaning of everyday language and functions as a means of expression for the community and influences behavior in order to convey something that strengthens the bonds between residents by explaining both abstract and concrete rules. The discussion shows that it is interesting or fascinating because it avoids the conflicts of the community. The research refers to the methods and approaches of literary anthropology with conflict theory, which is a state of opposition or struggle due to differences in objectives between two or more parties on an issue. The discussion shows that resolving conflicts in the Bukit Lawang Bahorok Langkat community outlines five levels of ending conflicts. All levels are conveyed in the Goa Kelelawar story to the community in the story region through the embodiment of its discourse.

FROM LOCAL TO CLASSROOM: ADAPTING ENVIRONMENT-BASED OSING CULTURAL PRACTICES FOR CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE LITERARY LEARNING

2025-12-05T09:02:12+07:00

This research aims to integrate environment-based Osing local wisdom in literary learning with a culturally responsive approach. In particular, this research focuses on: (1) identify relevant elements of local Osing wisdom integrated in literary learning, (2) designing an environment-based Osing culture-responsive literary learning model, and (3) testing the feasibility of an environment-based Osing culture-responsive literary learning model. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) model. The data was collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and document analysis, then analyzed in a qualitative descriptive manner. The results of the study show that some elements of Osing culture that are relevant to be integrated in literary learning include traditional arts (Gandrung, Seblang, Barong Ider Bumi, Angklung Paglak), Osing language, and folklore (Sri Tanjung). The designed learning model emphasizes creative projects, reflective discussions, and the use of multimodal media based on local culture. The implementation of limited tests in Banyuwangi showed a positive response. Students feel more enthusiastic, easily understand literary texts, and are more proud of the local culture. Teachers consider this model to help deliver relevant learning, although they still face obstacles in the form of limited teaching materials, learning media, and training support.

ECOCRITICAL PERSPECTIVES ON INTO THE BENEATH: GREG GARRARD’S FRAMEWORK IN DEPICTING MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL CRISES

2025-12-05T09:06:38+07:00

This study aims to explore ecological phenomena in Rifqi Farizi’s novel Into the Beneath through the framework of Greg Garrard’s ecocriticism. The research focuses on identifying and analyzing the representation of five key ecological categories: pollution, apocalypse, dwelling, animals, and earth. The objective is to reveal how the novel reflects contemporary ecological anxieties and provides critical perspectives on humanity’s relationship with the ocean as a vital yet vulnerable ecosystem. A qualitative descriptive method was applied with textual data drawn from the novel. Data collection was carried out through careful reading and coding of textual segments, while data analysis employed an interactive model supported by software-based coding to ensure thematic consistency and systematic categorization. The findings show that pollution and earth appear as dominant ecological issues, highlighting the destruction of the sea through plastic, oil, and heavy metal contamination, as well as the symbolic representation of the ocean as part of the fragile balance of the earth. The category of animals reflects both the beauty of biodiversity and the vulnerability of marine life to pollution and experimentation. Apocalypse emphasizes pessimism and fear about the future of the ocean, while dwelling reveals ambivalent human attitudes toward the sea as both alien and essential. These results confirm literature’s role as a medium for ecological critique and awareness building.

RESISTIVE LITERATURE IN THE DISCOURSE OF SUFISM: A CONTEXTUAL LINGUISTIC STUDY OF THE TEACHINGS OF SHEIKH YUSUF AL-MAKASSARY

2025-12-05T09:09:15+07:00

This study examines the Sufi teachings of Sheikh Yusuf Al-Makassary as a form of resistive literature, namely a spiritual discourse that functions as a resistance against physical colonization, cultural domination, and epistemic oppression during the colonial period. The works of Sheikh Yusuf Al-Makassary are understood as a form of resistive literature within the framework of Sufism that integrates spiritual struggle with social and intellectual liberation. The Contextual Linguistics approach is used to analyze the use of language in Sheikh Yusuf Al-Makassary's Sufi works that convey spiritual and social resistance in a subtle and profound way. Texts such as Zubdat al-Asrār, Yawaqit al-Haqāiq, as well as his letters and wills to rulers and people show that Sufism is not merely an individual spiritual path, but also a strategy for collective liberation from various forms of colonialism. Through an analysis of the aspects of field (spiritual-political themes), tenor (the relationship between the writer and the reader in the context of power), and mode (symbolic and metaphorical delivery style), it was found that the Sufism teachings of Sheikh Yusuf Al-Makassary contain linguistic structures that challenge hegemonic power, give voice to silenced voices, and reaffirm the spiritual identity of the archipelago. Three forms of resistive literature in Sufism discourse include resistance in symbolic language, Sufi linguistic strategies as resistance, and historical contextualization. Based on the analysis and discussion of the data, resistive literary discourse was found in the works of Sheikh Yusuf Al-Makassary which includes the Sufism language of Sheikh Yusuf Al-Makassary as a symbol of epistemic resistance, Sufi intertextuality and liberation politics, contextual discourse structures: metaphors and spiritual symbols as political signals, resistive literature based on tauhid, and covert communication strategies (rhetorical taqiyyah). This study recommends further development of the study of Nusantara resistive Sufism linguistics as a contribution to the decolonization of Islamic discourse and spiritual language in Indonesia.

VALUE RECONSTRUCTION IN THE NOVEL “SASTRA POLITIK KAMPUS”: A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF POLITICAL, EDUCATIONAL, CULTURAL, AND SOCIAL LITERARY VALUES

2025-12-05T09:11:30+07:00

This study aims to examine and explore the values contained in the novel Sastra Politik Kampus by Harmita Sari. Using a qualitative descriptive approach and content analysis techniques, this study focuses on four domains of value: political literary, educational, cultural, and social. The findings show that the novel portrays the campus world as a miniature country, where the dynamics of campus politics reflect power relations, ideologies, and intrigues that also occur in the national politics. Cultural and social values are present through local wisdom, human relations, and a critical attitude towards the social structure of the campus and society. This research confirms the position of literature as a reflective medium that is not only aesthetic, but also educative and transformational.

WOMEN’S RESISTANCE TO EDUCATIONAL INJUSTICE IN MODERN INDONESIAN LITERARY TEXTS

2025-12-05T09:19:34+07:00

This study discusses the representation of women’s resistance against educational injustice in modern Indonesian literary texts. The main focus is on how female characters in literary works struggle to gain the right to education amid patriarchal cultural pressures, structural poverty, and oppressive power. Using a feminist approach and narrative analysis, this research examines several modern Indonesian literary works that portray women as agents of resistance—through symbolic struggles, concrete actions, and steadfastness in defending the right to learn. The findings show that women’s resistance to educational injustice in literary texts is not merely a form of passive resistance, but an active strategy in building self-awareness, empowering communities, and rejecting domination that restricts access to knowledge. This study reveals that literature not only records gender inequality in education, but also serves as an important space for articulating resistance and expressing hope for social change.

INTERPRETING SIGNS, PRESERVING TRADITION: A SEMIOTIC EXPLORATION AND CULTURAL TOURISM PERSPECTIVE ON THE JEKNEK SAPPARA RITUAL

2025-12-05T09:21:51+07:00

This study aims to uncover the symbolic meaning and strategic potential of the Jeknek Sappara ritual in Balangloe Village, Jeneponto Regency, South Sulawesi. This ritual is an annual tradition performed during the month of Safar and holds strong spiritual, social, and cultural values in the lives of the local community. However, the ritual's existence is being threatened by modernization, a lack of documentation, and the minimal involvement of the younger generation. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques including participant observation, in-depth interviews, and visual documentation. Analysis was conducted using a semiotic approach, referring to Chandler and Geertz's theory to interpret the symbols used in the ritual, such as betel leaves, dances, mantras, and heirlooms. The results show that the symbols in the Jeknek Sappara ritual not only have spiritual significance but also reflect cultural identity, social harmony, and the relationship between humans and nature. Furthermore, this study found that Jeknek Sappara has the potential to be developed as a cultural tourism destination based on local wisdom. This development must be carried out in a participatory and ethical manner to avoid diminishing the sacred values of the ritual. This research contributes to the preservation of local culture, strengthening community identity, and developing sustainable community-based tourism.

TELAGA BURET AS AN ECOLOGICAL LANDSCAPE IN THE ORAL LITERATURE OF TULUNGAGUNG

2025-12-05T09:23:41+07:00

This study argues that the oral narrative of Telaga Buret functions as an ecological landscape with symbolic meanings central to the Tulungagung community's relationship to nature. By exploring how water in the narrative embodies both cultural values and ecological wisdom, the research reveals a cosmological worldview that ties the community to environmental stewardship. Employing a qualitative approach and narrative analysis, the study collected oral accounts from local informants, transcribed the stories, and analyzed symbolic elements related to ecological ethics. The findings show that Telaga Buret is seen not merely as a geographical site but as a spiritual space respected, preserved, and deeply connected with customary values. In the narrative, water symbolizes purity, life, and balance, reinforcing the community’s ecological awareness and sense of moral responsibility toward nature. The results underscore the urgency of revitalizing such oral traditions to promote culture-based environmental preservation and to develop ecological education rooted in local wisdom.

WHEN PRINCESS RUNDUK TURNED TO STONE: A TALE OF LOVE, BETRAYAL, AND THE CHARM OF SIBOLGA’S ORAL LITERATURE

2025-12-05T09:27:47+07:00

The legend of “Putri Runduk” is one of the treasures of oral literature of the people of Sibolga and Central Tapanuli in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia, which is rich in cultural, moral and historical values. The story tells of Princess Runduk, a beautiful queen of the Barus Kingdom, who was forced to flee to Mursala Island after her kingdom was attacked by King Janggi of Europe. During her escape, Princess Runduk left behind her beloved handmaiden, Sikambang Bandahari, who mourned the princess's departure with sorrowful verses. These lamentations became the origin of the “Sikambang” art form, a coastal tradition combining music, dance, and poetry. The tale of Princess Runduk is laden with messages of loyalty, sacrifice, and resilience. When King Janggi tried to impose his will, the princess chose to drown herself in the sea, turning into stone to preserve her dignity. This legend serves not only as entertainment but also as a tool for moral education and social cohesion in Sibolga’s multiethnic society. In the context of diversity, the story teaches tolerance and respect for differences, particularly in a community composed of various ethnicities and religions. Using a sociological-literary approach, this study reveals how oral literature, such as the Legend of “Princess Runduk”, plays a role in strengthening unity amid diversity. This oral tradition serves as a medium for preserving local identity while fostering social harmony in the face of modernization and globalization. Thus, the story of “Princess Runduk” is not merely a relic of the past but also an inspiration for building an inclusive and culturally rich future.

STUDY OF THE HARDINESS OF THE CHARACTER SAMIRIN IN THE NOVEL OF THE TRAN PEOPLE

2025-12-05T09:30:04+07:00

Hardiness plays a role as a characteristic of positive control in negative events. Hardiness is a transformational chaperone with a goal of helping an individual overcome, persist, and commit to returning to the situation and seeing it as an opportunity since something threatens. Samirin's hardiness in self reflected in various situations in his life, especially when he experiences a challenge or an unavoidable situation that he hopes for and is not fun. Samirin shows three characteristics that indicate his own hardiness: 1) commitment; commitment is a component that involves the self in the belief when facing situations and circumstances. At that time, he faces difficult and unpredictable situations that are expected; Samirin does not easily give up and continue trying to repair his life; 2) control, which is an individual action to accept and believe that the individual can control the situation or events that occur; and 3) challenges, namely, the individual orients himself in evaluating the problem not as obstacles or danger, but rather as an opportunity to increase his skills and abilities. Character Ce breaks abstinence, I hope, but precisely develops positive skills to overcome the problem. Indeed, the character Ce can become a model for us who tend to be spoiled and easily give up.

PASENG UGI: A HERMENEUTIC STUDY OF CHARACTER VALUES

2025-12-05T09:32:44+07:00

Paseng is a part of literary work that contains important advice for human life and living, which contains multicultural values, both explicitly and implicitly. With these values embedded in it, paseng is interesting to study so that it can be useful in universal life relations. Paseng here is associated with the worldview (weltanschauung) of sulapa' eppa'. Sulapa' eppa' or a square diamond can describe the existence of humans (head, hands, and feet) and can also refer to values, namely the values of lempu, paccing, magetteng, and barani. These four types of values are highly respected by the Bugis people, so that the concept of sulapa' eppa' can become their weltanschauung. The method used to reveal the multicultural values in Paseng Ugi is hermeneutics. Hermeneutics is an approach or method used to understand a message of character values contained in a pappaseng or messages. The Paseng Ugi that will be examined are those sourced from the book LATOA Satu Lukisan Analitis terhadap Antropologi Politik Orang Bugis (LATOA: An Analytical Painting of Bugis Political Anthropology) by Mattulada and from electronic media/the internet. This paper will examine several paseng using a hermeneutic approach. With a hermeneutic approach, it is hoped that the multicultural values contained in pappaseng can be revealed because every paseng created by its creator is believed to have a specific message.

FROM EXPLOITATION TO EMPATHY: THE POETICS OF WOUNDED NATURE IN CONTEMPORARY INDONESIAN POETRY

2025-12-05T09:36:33+07:00

This study examines the contemporary ecological paradox: despite growing public awareness of the environmental crisis, destructive practices continue. With a critical-qualitative design and interpretive orientation, this study combines close reading with the latest wave of ecocriticism (ecopoetics, material ecocriticism, posthuman/multispecies) to unravel how poetry constructs ecological moral criticism, fosters empathy, and formulates human-more-than-human relations. The corpus includes: “Kidung Tanah Air” and “Badai Katrina” (Frans Nadjira, Curriculum Vitae, 2007), “Elegi” (D. Zawawi Imron, Cinta Ladang Sajadah, 2003), and “Kisah Harimau Sumatra” (Sitor Situmorang, Rindu Kelana, 1994). The findings reveal three main axes. First, “Kidung Tanah Air” uses irony and satire to expose the tension between values and actions, thereby constructing ecological criticism without didacticism. Second, “Hurricane Katrina” and “Elegy” highlight ecological suffering through images of pollution intertwined with industrialization and modernization, mapping the cause-and-effect relationship between human practices and environmental damage. Third, “Kisah Harimau Sumatra” (The Story of the Sumatran Tiger) positions deforestation as an imaginative-narrative device that marks a crisis of connectedness while opening up horizons for relational and spiritual recovery.

PRESERVING NATURE THROUGH FICTION: AN ECOCRITICAL ANALYSIS OF KOMET MINOR

2025-12-05T09:40:08+07:00

This study explores Tere Liye's novel Komet Minor using Greg Garrard's ecocritical approach, which covers seven main concepts: pollution, wilderness, apocalypse, dwelling, animals, earth, and ethical criticism. The analysis was conducted by examining text excerpts that represent environmental issues and human-nature relationships in the parallel world constructed by the author. The results of the study show that the novel highlights four main issues: (1) environmental destruction and animal genocide due to human greed, (2) hostile ecological conditions that encourage nomadic population mobility, (3) the representation of animals as biological and psychological beings that play a role in the balance of the ecosystem, and (4) the tradition of respecting nature through community behavior and rituals. The characters in the story are depicted as interacting with nature both as a threat and a source of life, and striving to preserve the environment amid conflict with destructive forces. This study confirms that despite its fantasy setting, Komet Minor reflects the reality of environmental destruction in the real world and conveys a moral message about collective responsibility in preserving the sustainability of the earth

LEKRA LITERATURE IN POLITICAL CONFLICT: THE STRUGGLE FOR HEGEMONY ON ANTONIO GRAMSCI

2025-12-05T09:41:35+07:00

This paper aims to reveal literary events within Lembaga Kebudayaan Rakyat (Lekra). Lekra literature emerged when the cultural institution was founded on August 17, 1950. Lekra was one of the organizations where writers gathered under the Partai Komunis Indonesia (PKI). This cultural institution upheld strong and firm principles, ideologically opposed to Manifesto Kebudayaan (Manikebu). The problem is, why is Lekra literature less known to the public, especially among students and university scholars? It seems to have been marginalized by the power of the Orde Baru (Orba) regime. What factors caused this marginalization, and what is the artistic concept of Lekra writers? To reveal these issues, this study employs Antonio Gramsci's theory of hegemony. The study is qualitative descriptive in nature, using a literature review method. The data are sourced from documents, including books, articles, reviews, and novels related to Lekra literature. Selected data are then contextualized within past and current political conditions. Supporting data include letters and previous researcher’s interviews with writers involved in Lekra. The findings show that the two conflicting cultural institutions held differing artistic ideologies. Lekra promoted the concept of “art for the people” with a socialist realism character, guided by the slogan “politics is the commander.” Manikebu, on the other hand, adhered to the slogan “art for art’s sake,” emphasizing universal humanism. These two organizations often attacked each other and engaged in polemics in mass media. The writer Pramoedya Ananta Toer, a Lekra board member, fiercely criticized Manikebu writers through his sharp writings. Several books by Manikebu authors were burned, and their authors were detained during the Orde Lama (Orla) era. Conversely, Pram’s works were banned and withdrawn from circulation during the Orba period. Pramoedya himself was detained in Jakarta and later became a political prisoner on Pulau Buru, Maluku. This study reveals positive aspects that could pave the way for reconciliation (national peace). Writers from both opposing camps and other political figures have begun to choose a path of peace. In the era of Reformasi, which upholds democracy, freedom of expression, and ideological differences, such disagreements need not be contested. Instead, these differences should be celebrated as part of Indonesia’s rich diversityovery.

MORAL-TRANSCENDENTAL CONSTRUCTION IN SHORT STORIES BY A.A. NAVIS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS IN LITERATURE LEARNING

2025-12-05T09:44:11+07:00

The moral–transcendental dimension in A.A. Navis’s short stories deserves close attention, as it links literary appreciation with character-based literary learning. His works portray human moral and spiritual realities not only as objects of reflection but also as living expressions of ethical and religious awareness. This study seeks to describe and analyze how moral–transcendental values are constructed in Navis’s short stories and to consider their implications for literary learning. To address this aim, the research applies Kuntowijoyo’s prophetic literary theory, focusing on three core principles: transcendence, humanization, and liberation. Data were gathered through reading and note-taking, then analyzed using a semiotic–hermeneutic approach. The credibility of the data was ensured by semantic and referential validation, while reliability was supported by both intrarater and interrater checks. The findings indicate that Navis embeds moral–transcendental values within the narrative structures and symbolic language of his stories, values that can enrich literary learning as a medium for shaping character. Prophetic literature, in this sense, demonstrates its role as a transformative force. This study positions Navis’s short stories, through the prophetic perspective of Kuntowijoyo, as effective learning texts that address not only cognitive development but also humanistic and spiritual growth.

INDONESIAN LITERATURE IN THE 19TH-CENTURY: SUBVERSIVENESS OF READING AND EGALITARIAN RESISTANCE

2025-12-05T09:46:13+07:00

This paper aims to reaffirm that Indonesian literature has emerged since the mid-19th century. The prevailing myth that Indonesian literary treasures only emerged in the early 20th century, particularly since the initial publication of Balai Pustaka, must be corrected. The works published since the 1850s did not merely continue oral traditions or reflect the colonial realities of the time, but also indirectly implied a symbolic dimension of response regarding intellectual life in the Dutch East Indies. The ability to read, in "Boek Saier Oetawa Terseboet Pantoen" (Syair Book or Commonly Called Pantun) published 1857, thus not only indicates nascent literacy but also illustrates the emergence of a tacit subversiveness in society, particularly within the author. This subversiveness then stimulated the emergence of thought that manifested itself as an egalitarian resistance, as implied in the book entitled "Pantoon Melajoe Sama Tjerita Aneh-aneh" (Malay Pantun and Strange Stories for People Who Like to Laugh, published 1858. This book implies a desire for equality between indigenous people and Indo people, as well as Dutch and other foreigners. This desire for equality, however, was an attempt to resist the hegemony and oppression that existed during the Dutch East Indies era.

RESISTANCE LITERATURE IN THE BALAI PUSTAKA ERA: A SYMBOLIC STUDY OF THE STRUGGLE AGAINST COLONIALISM

2025-12-05T09:48:13+07:00

Resistance Literature during the Balai Pustaka Era (1920–1930) was a crucial period in Indonesian literary history, marked by the emergence of works symbolically expressing resistance to Dutch colonial rule. Even if Balai Pustaka was established by the colonial government, the literary works produced during that period also contained messages of resistance and criticism of the colonial system, albeit indirectly. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the forms of resistance in Balai Pustaka's literary works against colonial practices. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a New Historicism approach that focuses on historical symbols, both in thoughts, feelings, and actions. Data collection techniques were carried out through library techniques. The data analysis technique used is qualitative data analysis. The results of the study show that literary works published by Balai Pustaka began to contain messages of resistance against colonialism in the form of symbols. Balai Pustaka's literary works began to foster a sense of nationalism and an awareness of the importance of unity. Resistance Literature in the Balai Pustaka Era was an important period in the history of Indonesian literature that voiced resistance against Dutch colonialism within the context and limitations set by the colonial government. Thus, these works were not only entertaining, but also provided education and aroused the spirit of nationalism.

LIQUID MODERNITY IN HYPERTEXT LITERARY FRAME “BREATHING AT THE GALAXY’S EDGES”

2025-12-05T09:50:39+07:00

This study aims to explore the textual and contextual features of hypertext literature in framing liquid modernity as a social phenomenon. Hypertext poem “Breathing at the Galaxy's Edges” as the main object of exploration on framing liquid modernity. Zygmunt Bauman's perspective on liquid modernity is applied to identify how literature frames the phenomenon. Liquid modernity represents the nature of an ever-moving, flowing, flexible, temporary, and uncertain era. This study analyzes the data by comparing the literary text with the context of liquid modernity. The textual approach identifies ambivalence, metaphors, and metonymy. The contextual method was carried out by comparing the text, reading techniques, and the current social context of society. The results show that hypertext literature frames the era of liquid modernity textually, practically, and contextually. The poetry texts reveal the infinite nature of human life, which leads them to void, loneliness, and unconsciousness about who they are and who they are facing. In addition, the non-linear practice of reading poetry offers uncertainty, emancipation, and individuality. Thus, the context shows that social life is no longer determined. Humans are free to define their identity, life, and what they want to do. However, they must bear the consequences themselves.

COLLECTIVE TRAUMA OF COLONIALISM IN SOUTHEAST ASIAN SHORT STORIES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

2025-12-05T13:38:01+07:00

This study examines the representation of collective trauma caused by colonialism in Southeast Asian short stories, arguing that although formal colonial rule has ended, its sociocultural and psychological wounds persist, hindering regional cohesion and sustainable development. This study employ Kai Erikson's concept of collective trauma, postcolonial theory, and Claudio Guillén's theory of comparative literature to analyze four primary texts: "Recuerdos de Patay" by Caroline S. Hau (Philippines), "Variola" by Iksaka Banu (Indonesia), "Victoria and Her Kimono" by M. Shanmughalingam (Malaysia), and "The Interview" by Gopal Baratham (Singapore). Using systematic content analysis with context-based inference, the research reveals several dimensions of postcolonial collective trauma portrayed in these narratives, including social disintegration, psychological dislocation, the erosion of communal bonds, and the intergenerational transmission of trauma. The findings suggest that literature serves as both a witness to historical wounds and a crucial cultural space for negotiating memory, identity, and healing. Ultimately, this research posits that in the Southeast Asian context, social healing is integral to shaping regional identity through a deeper understanding of literature and culture.

LITERARY EDUCATION IN DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION FOR THE MILLENNIALS GENERATION

2025-12-05T13:53:52+07:00

The development of digital technology has changed the way millennials interact with information, including in the field of literary education. Digital transformation presents new opportunities for teaching literature through the use of interactive media, digital platforms, and learning applications that encourage student engagement. However, these changes also require educators to adjust their strategies so that literary learning remains relevant, interesting, and capable of fostering aesthetic appreciation amid the rapid flow of digital information. This study aims to analyze the role of digital transformation in literary education for millennials and identify effective learning models in the digital context. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection through literature study, observation of digital media uses, and interviews with educators and students. The results of the study show that the integration of digital technology, such as interactive e-books, online discussion forums, and literacy social media, can increase interest in learning literature and expand access to cross-cultural literary works. In addition, digital-based learning strategies encourage millennials to be more active and creative in interpreting literary works. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of digital literacy training for educators and the development of interactive literary learning platforms so that literary education remains relevant in the era of digital transformation.

THE LEGEND OF KYAI KARSOREDJO'S TOMB: RITUAL TOURISM AND THE CREATIVE ECONOMY

2025-12-05T13:55:51+07:00

Kyai Karsoredjo is a legendary figure among the people of Pandanan and the surrounding area in Klaten Regency. During his lifetime, he was considered a holy figure, possessing spiritual powers capable of helping people escape suffering. President Soekarno even met with Kyai Karsoredjo to seek his blessings against colonialism. Given Kyai Karsoredjo's reputation as a holy man, it is no surprise that Kyai Karsoredjo's tomb in Pandanan, Klaten, is considered a holy tomb. However, unlike the tombs of other holy men in Klaten, such as Ki Ageng Gribig, Sunan Bayat, Rangga Warsita, and others, Kyai Karsoredjo's tomb is not widely visited, making it less effective in stimulating the local economy. This is what intrigued the researcher, as to why Kyai Karsoredjo's tomb is not as crowded with pilgrims as other tombs. To answer this question, the researcher conducted a qualitative study using a literary tourism approach that focused on the study of literary tourism to places of literary value (literary places) or the homes of writers. Data collection techniques were carried out through field observations, interviews, and literature studies. The findings of this study indicate that the legend of Kyai Karsoredjo's tomb as a religious tourism destination requires further development and innovation to attract pilgrims and stimulate the local economy.

SAKECO AGAINST SILENCE: PUBLIC FUNCTION ORAL TRADITION AS A SPACE FOR FREE EXPRESSION IN SUMBAWA SOCIETY

2025-12-05T14:01:48+07:00

Sakeco, lawas oral tradition typical of the Sumbawa people, serves not only as entertainment but also as a medium of expression capable of raising marginalized voices amidst silenced social conditions. This paper aims to analyze Sakeco's public function as a free space for expression in a society experiencing social repression, as well as its role as a tool to combat silence within the framework of marginal literature. Sakeco was chosen as a subject because of its ability to voice social and political criticism, especially in areas with power structures that suppress freedom of expression. Using Stuart's theory of representation Hall, who emphasized the importance of popular culture as a space for the production of meaning, as well as Jürgen's theory of the public sphere. Habermas stated that public space is a place where individuals can communicate freely and without pressure. This study explores how Sakeco functions as an alternative democratic space for marginalized communities to express themselves. This paper is based on literature studies and document analysis, which shows that Sakeco is able to affirm identity, strengthen social solidarity, and at the same time become a cultural strategy in fighting for freedom of expression. This paper provides new insights into the importance of oral traditions in maintaining freedom of expression and strengthening the position of marginal literature in the socio-political dynamics of society.

LITERATURE AS A CATALYST FOR CHANGE: BUILDING TOLERANCE THROUGH BUGIS-MAKASSAR CLASSICAL LITERATURE

2025-12-05T14:04:42+07:00

This article examines Bugis-Makassar classical literature as a catalyst for social change, specifically in building tolerance through a literary sociology approach. The research aims to describe the values that foster tolerance in Bugis-Makassar classical literary works such as pappaseng (wise advice) in sureq, lontara' (ancient manuscripts), folktales, and kelong (traditional songs). This study employs a literary sociology approach with a focus on three main aspects: sociology of the author, sociology of the work, and sociology of the reader. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The data collection technique for this study is listening and recording. Data analysis uses a descriptive analytical method. The findings indicate that social values that promote tolerance in community life are found in Bugis-Makassar classical literary works such as pappaseng (wise advice) in sureq, lontara' (ancient manuscripts), folk tales, and kelong (traditional songs). The conclusion of this study is that Bugis-Makassar classical literature can serve as a moral compass and a collective memory that shapes the Bugis-Makassar community's perspective on differences. These values are not merely theoretical concepts but are also applied concretely in daily life, thus becoming a foundation for maintaining social relations, which proves that Bugis-Makassar classical literature plays a vital role in fostering tolerant attitudes as an agent of change today.

WOMEN'S ROLES IN PUBLIC AND DOMESTIC AFFAIRS IN INDONESIAN FILM 2008-2025 (INTERDISCIPLINARY DISCOURSE STUDY)

2025-12-05T14:13:09+07:00

This study aims to examine women's roles in the public and domestic spheres as represented in Indonesian films released between 2008 and 2025. Using an interdisciplinary discourse analysis approach, the study investigates how cinematic narratives construct, reproduce, or challenge gender ideologies in various socio-political contexts. A selection of films from various genres and production years is analyzed to identify patterns of women's representation, with a focus on character agency, occupational roles, and interpersonal relationships. This method combines elements from critical discourse analysis and visual semiotics to uncover the power structures embedded in cinematic texts. The findings demonstrate a gradual transformation in the depiction of women, with increasing visibility in leadership, activism, and non-traditional professions, although domestic roles remain a dominant theme in many narratives. The study also reveals the persistence of moral and cultural expectations placed on female characters, particularly within the family and community. These results highlight the duality and complexity of women's representation in Indonesian cinema, reflecting broader social tensions between modernity and tradition.

ETIOLOGICAL NARRATIVES AND MORAL DIMENSIONS IN THE TALE OF THE EAGLE AND THE CHICKEN: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INDONESIAN AND PHILIPPINE FOLKTALES

2025-12-05T14:19:09+07:00

This study conducts a comparative analysis of the Indonesian and Philippine folktales "The Eagle and the Rooster" and "The Eagle and the Hen" to explore their psychological dimensions and moral functions. Utilizing a qualitative comparative content analysis, the research integrates Jungian archetypal theory and Freud's structural model (id, ego, super-ego) as analytical frameworks. The findings reveal core similarities: both narratives feature the Id's impulsive drives, a failing Ego, and a punishing Super-Ego embodied by the eagle, which delivers collective punishment. Culturally specific variations emerged in the ego defense mechanisms; the Indonesian tale exhibits repression and regression, while the Philippine tale employs rationalization and reaction formation. This research contributes to literary psychology by demonstrating how folktales encode psychological wisdom and moral teachings, offering practical implications for moral education and cultural understanding. The study's limitation is its focus on two Southeast Asian tales, suggesting future research on a broader corpus of narratives.

SMONG'S NARRATIVE IN THE CHILDREN'S BOOK "ITAM AND U": INTERTEXTUALITY, SIGNS OF NATURE, AND DISASTER EDUCATION

2025-12-05T14:23:26+07:00

This study analyzes the representation and function of smong narrative in the children's book "Itam and U" as a disaster literacy media based on local culture. Smong is an oral tradition from Simeulue that functions as a tsunami early warning system through poetry and collective memory. Using a computer-aided qualitative content analysis approach, the study extracted and analyzed text from 48 pages of the book to identify patterns of smong representation, nature signs, and disaster risk reduction education. The results of the study show that smong is not presented as a separate exotic element but is integrated as a narrative common thread that connects the sense of natural signs with safety measures. The distribution analysis shows a gradual narrative strategy: beginning with the introduction of concrete natural phenomena (tides, waves, animal behavior), followed by the internalization of the smong cultural framework, and ending with the reinforcement of safety measures instructions. These findings indicate that the integration of local knowledge in children's literature may strengthen the cognitive-affective bridge between risk understanding and protective behaviors. Practical implications include the development of a phased narrative model for disaster teaching materials in other disaster-prone areas, as well as the importance of maintaining cultural authenticity in educational adaptation.

WOMEN DURING THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION: IN LITERARY NARRATIVES AND MEDIA

2025-12-05T14:27:20+07:00

During its occupation, Japan sought to win the sympathy of the Indonesian people to gather mass support for its war efforts. Japan attempted to eradicate all Western influences in various fields, including politics, governance, economy, culture, and social order. They also mobilized the people, including women, for Japan's interests. From the beginning, propaganda was a key agenda of the Japanese occupation. Therefore, the Sendenbu propaganda department, part of the Military Government (Gunseikanbu), was established. This article examines the narrative of Indonesian women related to Japanese propaganda from 1942 to 1945 in literary works and media. The emerging narrative generally positions women as propaganda agents, as seen in literary works such as "Citra" by Usmar Ismail, "Kami, Perempoean" by Asia Poetera, and "Pandu Partiwi" by Merayu Sukma. In the media, the portrayal of Indonesian women appears with various missionary images of Sendenbu, evident in publications like "Djawa Baroe" (1943-1945). The approach used in this research is Gérard Genette's narratology theory. The narrative in question refers to discursive narrative, which tells a story or series of events, whether real or fictional, along with the relationships, oppositions, and repetitions related to the portrayal of women in literature and media during that era.

VALUE-BASED LEARNING IN LITERARY EDUCATION THROUGH THE INTERPRETATION OF SUNDANESE PROVERBS TO PROMOTE SOCIAL CHANGE

2025-12-05T14:32:40+07:00

Value-based learning in literary education plays a crucial role in shaping students’ character and social awareness. This study aims to analyze the interpretation of Sundanese proverbs as a medium for value-based learning that can be integrated into literary education to promote social change. Using a qualitative research design with a literary ethnography approach, data were collected through documentation studies, interviews, and classroom observations in higher education. The findings reveal that Sundanese proverbs embody social values such as mutual cooperation, honesty, hard work, and tolerance, which can be effectively implemented in literary learning to enhance students’ social awareness and critical thinking. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of revitalizing local wisdom through literary education as a strategy for character building and fostering social transformation in educational contexts.

THE HUMANISTIC VALUES IN THE FOLKTALE “DUA ORANG SAKTI” FROM THE SPECIAL REGION OF YOGYAKARTA

2025-12-05T14:38:04+07:00

This study aims to describe and explain the humanistic values found in the folktale Dua Orang Sakti from the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province. This research is a qualitative study using a content analysis approach. The object of the research is the Anthology of Folktales from the Special Region of Yogyakarta published by the Language Center of the National Department of Education, written by Dhanu Priyo Prabowo. Based on the results and discussion of the folktale from the Special Region of Yogyakarta, it can be concluded that the story of “Dua Orang Sakti” contains humanistic values. The identified humanistic values include 3 vales of freedom, 4 values of cooperation, 3 values of self-sacrifice, 4 values of care, 5 values of helping each other (mutual cooperation), and 7 values of solidarity. These values are reflected through the actions of the characters in the story. In the folktale from the Special Region of Yogyakarta, the characters exhibit humanistic attitudes that uphold human dignity and worth.

FEMINISTS AND SISTERHOOD: RESISTANCE STRATEGIES OF FEMALE CHARACTERS IN JAPANESE DRAMAS AGAINST THE PATRIARCHAL SYSTEM

2025-12-05T14:42:33+07:00

This study explores the strategies of Japanese women's struggle against the patriarchal system that has been rooted in Japanese society through the narratives of four Japanese J-Doramas, namely Watashi ga Renai Dekinai Riyuu, Doctor-X Season I, and Mondai No Aru Resutoran. The problem focuses on the attitudes, views and resistance of Japanese women against traditional gender norms. The research was conducted through an analysis of intrinsic and extrinsic elements, Feminist theory. The results of the study in J Dorama Watashi ga Renai Dekinai Riyuu, female characters live independent lives without male companionship through sisterly relationships between women as a form of resistance to traditional dependency. Doctor-X Season I presents a superior female doctor in the medical world which has been dominated by men and demands equality in surgical specialization. In Mondai No Aru Resutoran, women prove their professional abilities in the restaurant world, and fight against the stereotype of traditional women's work. This study concludes that these Japanese dramas showcase various resistance strategies in an effort to fight and seize equality in patriarchal Japanese society.

FICTIONAL NARRATIVE AS A COUNTER-NARRATIVE OF IDENTITY POLITICS IN THE NOVEL “DARI DALAM KUBUR” BY SOE TJEN MARCHING: A POSTCOLONIAL APPROACH

2025-12-05T14:57:19+07:00

This study examines Soe Tjen Marching's Dari Dalam Kubur (From Inside the Grave) as a fictional narrative that functions as a counter-narrative to hegemonic identity politics in post-1965 Indonesia. The research background stems from the dominance of the official New Order narrative, which stigmatized certain groups—particularly those associated with the Indonesian Communist Party, ethnic Chinese, and political activists—through exclusionary and discriminatory identity constructions. Fiction, in this context, is positioned as an alternative medium capable of challenging the dominant discourse by offering a humanist and inclusive perspective. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method by collecting the data through close reading and note-taking. The data are analyzed using content analysis with a postcolonial approach. Using a postcolonial theoretical framework, specifically the concepts of Third Space, in-betweenness, and hybridity by Homi K. Bhabha; the voice of the subaltern by Gayatri Spivak; and orientalism by Edward Said, this study examines the narrative strategies used by the novel to represent marginalized and subaltern identities. The analysis shows that the novel constructs a space for cultural resistance through the re-presentation of personal memories, depicting the complexities of victim identities, and dismantling the state-constructed "other."

ARTICULATING MARGINAL VOICES IN MO YAN’S THE GARLIC BALLADS

2025-12-05T14:59:38+07:00

This paper analyses Mo Yan’s The Garlic Ballads. It examines how this novel gives voice to marginalized rural communities in contemporary China. Set against the backdrop of political repression and economic exploitation, the novel portrays the lived experiences of garlic farmers whose struggles are often excluded from dominant narratives. This study addresses the problem of how marginal voices, those of subaltern groups such as impoverished farmers, women, and the disabled, are articulated, suppressed, and reclaimed in the narrative, revealing the limits of representation in a hierarchical system that silences dissent. Employing subaltern studies theory, particularly Gayatri Spivak’s framework of the subaltern’s inability to “speak” within dominant discourses, the analysis examines characters like the blind minstrel Zhang Kou, whose ballads critique authority, and Jinju, whose resistance to patriarchal marriage norms underscores gendered oppression. The findings show that while marginal voices disrupt official narratives through acts of protest and folklore, they are often violently muted by state mechanisms, as seen in arrests and suicides, highlighting the novel’s critique of power imbalances. This paper concludes that Mo Yan’s work demonstrates how marginal voices, though systematically stifled by power, find crucial, albeit tragic, articulation through collective resistance, which challenge the structures that seek to render them mute.

CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE TEACHING APPROACH THROUGH LOCAL WISDOM: AN ANALYSIS OF THE INTRINSIC ELEMENTS OF THE BATU HAPU CAVE LEGEND AMONG VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

2025-12-05T15:14:20+07:00

This study describes the application of the Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) approach in Indonesian language learning through the analysis of the intrinsic elements of the Goa Batu Hapu legend. The research employed a case study method conducted at SMKN 1 Binuang, involving Class X GP A students. The main objective was to examine the integration of local folklore, rich in Banjar cultural values, into the learning process to enhance the relevance of learning materials, student engagement, and appreciation of cultural identity. Data were collected through classroom observations, interviews with teachers and students, and document analysis, including lesson plans and student work. The findings reveal that implementing CRT based on folklore fosters a more inclusive, interactive, and meaningful learning environment. Students demonstrated improved understanding of literary intrinsic elements, stronger text analysis skills, and greater awareness and pride in their local culture. These findings highlight the importance of adopting teaching strategies that are responsive to students’ cultural backgrounds, particularly in the context of vocational education.

DIALOGUE BETWEEN HUMANS AND NATURE IN MUSTARI'S SHORT STORY “UCUK SEKOLAH LAGI” (GLOTFELTY ECOCRITICISM REVIEW)

2025-12-05T15:30:27+07:00

Mustari's short story “Ucuk at School Again” (“Ucuk Sekolah Lagi”) captures the dynamics of life in a coastal community through the experiences of a child, Ucuk, who leaves school to go fishing. A turning point occurs when he encounters a storm at sea; this ecological experience fosters a new awareness of the importance of education. This study utilizes Cheryll Glotfelty's ecocritical theory, which emphasizes the reciprocal relationship between humans and the environment in literary works. The research method used is qualitative-descriptive, examining the representation of characters and the ecological setting in the short story. The results show that nature in the short story functions as an active subject that shapes the characters' consciousness. For Ucuk, the sea and storms act as frightening "ecological teachers," forcing him to transition from the world of hard work to school. For fishermen, the sea is both a source of livelihood and a space of risk, where dependence on nature creates solidarity but also creates uncertainty. Meanwhile, Ucuk's mother is depicted interacting with nature through domestic and productive work, such as catching anchovies and making a boat roof from coconut leaves. These activities emphasize women's role in supporting the coastal family economy through the simple yet vital use of natural resources. Thus, this short story demonstrates a dialectical dialogue between humans and the environment, presenting the sea as a setting and an agent of transformation of values, ethics, and life orientations. This study confirms that local literary works such as ”Ucuk Sekolah Lagi” can be read through ecocriticism to understand complex ecological relationships while simultaneously instilling awareness of education, local wisdom, and sustainability in coastal communities.

A MOMENT OF CALM, A MOMENT OF CHAOS: UTOPIA-DYSTOPIA IN SMALL TOWNS IN RAUDAL TANJUNG BANUA’S SHORT STORIES

2025-12-05T16:02:23+07:00

Small towns in Indonesia are experiencing various conflicts, including spatial conflict. Unfortunately, attention to these small towns, in the context of Indonesian literature, is still minimal. Raudal Tanjung Banua, in his short stories, intensely records the conflicts of small towns, thereby revealing the political dynamics of space within them. This study aims to describe the construction of small-town space in Raudal Tanjung Banua's short stories while also showing the spatial responses evoked by the author using Sara Upstone's spatial politics reading. The method used is qualitative descriptive. The results of the study show that dystopia in small towns gives rise to utopian towns that offer hope. However, this utopia is not permanent, as dystopias resurface, creating a dynamic interplay between utopia and dystopia in these small towns. It can be said that Raudal Tanjung Banua constructs a dynamic small-town space that neither rejects nor fully embraces utopia.

LONG-DISTANCE WRITING EXPERIMENT: MAPPING MAKASSAR IN HUMAN LITERARY CREATION AND GENERATIVE AI TEXTS THROUGH A HYBRID AUTHORSHIP FRAMEWORK

2025-12-05T15:34:00+07:00

Penelitian ini menyajikan eksperimen penulisan jarak jauh untuk menganalisis secara komparatif representasi kota Makassar dalam dua korpus sastra yang berbeda: karya yang ditulis oleh manusia dan teks yang dihasilkan oleh Kecerdasan Buatan (AI). Maraknya penggunaan AI dalam produksi kreatif memicu pertanyaan epistemologis mendasar mengenai kepengarangan dan kapasitas mesin untuk menggambarkan entitas budaya. Makassar, dengan karakteristik sosio-spasialnya yang unik, berfungsi sebagai studi kasus untuk menguji perbedaan antara representasi yang didorong oleh pengalaman manusia dan yang berasal dari algoritma.Dengan memanfaatkan Large Language Models (LLMs) seperti ChatGPT menggunakan perintah yang identik dan dirancang dengan cermat, penelitian ini akan mengumpulkan korpus AI untuk disandingkan secara langsung dan kritis dengan korpus sastra yang sudah ada yang ditulis oleh manusia.Dengan menerapkan analisis teks komputasi tingkat lanjut (pemodelan topik, stilometri, analisis sentimen/leksikal) bersamaan dengan pembacaan cermat (close reading) secara kualitatif, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membedakan pola tematik, stilistik, dan linguistik yang unik di dalam masing-masing korpus. Temuan yang diantisipasi akan menjelaskan kemampuan dan keterbatasan generatif AI dalam memproduksi konten yang bernuansa budaya, mengungkap potensi bias dalam data pelatihan, dan berkontribusi secara substansial pada konsep kreativitas dan representasi urban digital yang terus berkembang, terutama di bidang Humaniora Digital dan estetika komputasional.

BEYOND THE GARDEN FENCE: ECOCRITICAL REFLECTIONS IN MRS. FRISBY AND THE RATS OF NIMH

2025-12-05T15:36:04+07:00

This study aims to identify different ways nature is portrayed in the story and to uncover the environmental ideologies hidden in the text of Mrs. Frisby and The Rats of NIMH by Robert C. O’Brien. This study applies qualitative-descriptive method using environmental themes based on Greg Garrad’s theory. The result of this study shows that Mrs. Frisby and The Rats of NIMH by Robert C. O’Brien represents seven environmental themes; namely Pastoral, Wilderness, Apocalypse, Dwelling, Animals, Pollution, and The Earth. These findings allow us to unveil environmental messages; particularly in Ecological responsibility, Critiques in technology advancement, Harmony with nature, Anthropocentrism alongside Ecocentrism, and Environmental justice.

FOLKLORE IN THE AGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HUMAN AND MACHINE INTERPRETATIONS

2025-12-05T15:45:27+07:00

This study aims to compare human and artificial intelligence (AI) responses to Indonesian and English folklore. The Indonesian folklore is represented by Bawang Merah and Bawang Putih as well as Timun Mas, while the English folklore is represented by Cinderella and Jack and the Beanstalk. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, this research examines reader responses through intellectual, emotional, and cultural dimensions. The study applies the synchronic reception theory, which involves analyzing responses from contemporary human readers in comparison with those generated by AI. The findings reveal a convergence in intellectual responses, where both human readers and AI predominantly exhibit positive interpretations of the four stories. In contrast, emotional responses demonstrate significant variation. Readers show diverse reactions, unlike the more uniform responses generated by AI. These differences are shaped by familiarity with the narratives, as well as cultural, moral, religious, and individual values while AI maintained a consistently positive tone emphasizing narrative coherence without cultural bias. These findings contribute valuable insights to the fields of literary reception studies, cross-entity interpretation, and the implications of technology-assisted literary engagement.

AMBIVALENCE OF THE DISCOURSE OF DEVELOPMENT CRITIQUE IN AHMAD TOHARI’S ORANG-ORANG PROYEK NOVEL: A POSTCOLONIAL STUDY

2025-12-05T15:48:30+07:00

The development discourse reproduced by the New Order government oriented towards modernity and economic progress in line with the discourse of Western colonialism that ultimately led to capitalist profits. Ahmad Tohari's novel Orang-Orang Proyek (OOP) records the embodiment of a government development project in the form of the construction of a bridge in Cibawor village. The novel contains criticism of the development discourse in the New Order era, but the criticism constructed in the novel is influenced by the discourse of Western colonialism. This study analyzes how the author constructs a critique of the development discourse of the New Order era in the OOP novel through the theory of Postcolonialism. The method used is qualitative method. The results of the study indicate that the author's critique of development discourse in the OOP novel is still influenced by colonial thinking. 1. The discourse of development is positioned as a civilizing mission leading to modernity, aimed at economic progress, built on a foundation of rationality through education, and dominated by masculinity. 2. The ideal discourse of development is constructed through Western-style binary opposition. 3. The author experiences ambivalence in constructing a critique of development. Analysis within OOP shows that the author not only opposes Western discourse with the East, but also with the West itself.

ISLAMIC ORAL TRADITIONS IN SURAKARTA AND THEIR RELIGIOUS DIMENSIONS

2025-12-05T16:00:40+07:00

This research aims to (1) describe various Islamic oral traditions in Surakarta; (2) describe the religious aspects of Islamic oral traditions in Surakarta. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method based on inductive thinking methods. Research data is in the form of soft data, namely words, phrases, sentences, and discourses in oral traditions that contain religious aspects. Data collection uses library techniques, in-depth interviews, and observations. Data analysis is carried out using an interactive model that includes data presentation, data reduction, and data verification/conclusions and uses a semiotic model reading method including heuristic and hermeneutic reading in its meaning. The results of the research and its discussion: (1) Various Islamic oral traditions in Surakarta include: (a) praise (after the call to prayer and before iqamat/congregational prayer in the mosque); (b) singing dhikr; (c) qiraah/tilawatil Quran (The Art of Reading the Quran); (d) reading al-Barzanji (Making Promises/Making Promises); (e) tadarrus al-Quran binnadhar (reading by looking at the Quran) and bil ghaib (reading by memorizing/tahfidz); (2) Religious aspects in the Islamic oral tradition in Surakarta include: (a) the importance of balance between worldly life and the afterlife; (b) daring to introspect (admitting one's mistakes); (c) there are five medicines for the heart (tombo ati ana lima); (d) humans are weak creatures; (e) God is a place for humans to rely on; (f) God is omnipotent over all things.

ECOSPIRITUAL AND CULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY IN THE CHARITY RITUAL OF MOUNT NGASA GANDOANG IN SALEM, CENTRAL JAVA

2025-12-05T16:08:04+07:00

This research begins with the question of how the Sedekah Gunung Ngasa Gandoang ritual functions as a collective mechanism in maintaining ecological balance while strengthening the cultural identity of the community amidst the currents of modernization and ecological crisis. The main objectives of the research are (1) to analyze the ecological and spiritual values contained in the Sedekah Gunung Ngasa Gandoang ritual, (2) to examine its social function in strengthening collective identity, and (3) to analyze the sustainability mechanism of the Sedekah Gunung Ngasa Gandoang ritual amidst socio-cultural changes. The approach used is qualitative ethnography through participatory observation, in-depth interviews with traditional leaders, religious figures, and the younger generation, accompanied by visual documentation. Data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis techniques to find patterns of meaning, social functions, and mechanisms of traditional inheritance. The research findings show that the Sedekah Gunung Ngasa Gandoang ritual plays a multifunctional role: as a sacred ritual, a means of natural resource conservation, and a medium for transmitting values between generations. However, challenges remain, particularly the weakening of the inheritance of values and the reduced involvement of the younger generation. This research recommends that further studies highlight the role of digital media, cultural policies, and cross-generational collaboration as an effort to revitalize traditions so that they remain adaptive and relevant.

CONSERVATION OF SI PITUNG ORAL LITERATURE STORY: DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHARACTERISTIC CONCEPT OF MARUNDA COMMUNITY, NORTH JAKARTA

2025-12-05T16:15:06+07:00

The impact of the Corona virus has devastated many sectors of life, including tourism as the most affected sector. To restore the national economy, the tourism sector is slowly being allowed to operate with strict supervision over the implementation of health protocols and CHSE (Clean, Health, Safety, Environment Sustainability). One of the tourism promotion strategies is the conservation of oral literature to develop the characteristics of the Marunda community through local wisdom based on the creative industry. The development of the Marunda area as a tourist object should, as far as possible, not abandon the values of local wisdom and the creative industry. The results of this research can be outlined as follows: 1) the concept of conservation of Si Pitung oral literature characteristics in the Marunda area, North Jakarta, as a tourist destination, 2) management patterns of characteristics in realizing a Marunda community based on local wisdom and creative industry, 3) the cultural characteristic model of Marunda as a tourist area based on locality and creative industry.

LOCAL HEROISM IN RELIGIOUS LITERATURE: A LITERATURE REVIEW OF SUMINTO A. SAYUTI’S POETRY COLLECTION DI BAWAH BLENCONG, SEBELUM DAN SETELAH PERGELARAN

2025-12-05T16:17:01+07:00

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap representasi heroisme lokal dalam sastra religius melalui studi pustaka terhadap kumpulan puisi karya Suminto A. Sayuti berjudul “Di Bawah Blencong, Sebelum dan Setelah Pergelaran”. Landasan teoretis penelitian ini mengacu pada pandangan Wellek dan Warren (2014) yang menekankan sastra sebagai cermin kebudayaan, serta Abrams (1999) yang melihat karya sastra sebagai sistem tanda yang merepresentasikan nilai-nilai sosial dan ideologis. Pendekatan hermeneutik digunakan untuk menafsirkan simbol-simbol kultural dan religius (Gadamer, 2004), sedangkan analisis bahasa dalam puisi memanfaatkan teori stilistika yang memandang bahasa sastra sebagai bentuk estetika yang khas (Leech & Short, 2007). Metode yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka dengan analisis isi kualitatif, mengkaji struktur teks, tema, dan simbolisme yang merepresentasikan nilai kepahlawanan lokal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa heroisme dalam puisi-puisi Suminto A. Sayuti dimanifestasikan melalui figur tokoh tradisional, nilai pengorbanan, dan integrasi ajaran moral-spiritual. Blencong sebagai simbol utama berfungsi sebagai representasi ruang budaya yang memediasi kesinambungan antara tradisi dan religiusitas. Temuan ini menegaskan peran sastra religius sebagai medium pelestarian nilai-nilai heroik lokal sekaligus sarana pendidikan karakter berbasis kearifan budaya.

LOVE, ETHICS, AND ZAKAT: THE RADICAL IMAGINATION OF ISLAMIC PHILANTHROPY IN SUAMIKU JADUL BY BINTANG KEJORA

2025-12-05T16:18:17+07:00

This article examines the representation of zakat in the novel Suamiku Jaddul by Bintang Kejora, by highlighting how zakat is not only present as a religious obligation, but also as a social practice that transforms lives and forms a network of chained goodness. Through the character of Bang Parlin, zakat is told not just as a material giving, but as a long-term strategy to empower mustahiq to become the next muzakki. This research uses a literary hermeneutic approach with a focus on zakat narratives spread across various parts of the novel. It was found that zakat in this novel is practiced with selective, empathetic, and personal values—avoiding institutions but adhering to the essence of sharia. The concept of "chain zakat" emerged as a model of Islamic philanthropic ethics rooted in transformational experiences, namely that each recipient is guided to become a giver in the future. Thus, this novel offers a progressive social imagination about zakat as an instrument of justice and social regeneration based on compassion. This study concludes that literature can be an effective vehicle for Islamic socio-economic da'wah and touch the emotional side of readers in sowing the spirit of solidarity among the people.

INCLUSIVE LITERATURE PRISON INMATES AND COMMERCIAL SEX WORKER COMMUNITIES IN PALU: AN ANTRO-SOCIO-LITERARY STUDY

2025-12-05T16:20:30+07:00

Literature is not only an aesthetic expression but also carries transformative potential in shaping social awareness, empathy, and recognition of humanity. In Indonesia’s plural society with its complex social realities, literature should not remain the privilege of the educated elite but function as an empowering medium and a space of articulation for marginalized voices. This study proposes the concept of inclusive literature, positioning literature as a participatory and democratic arena where marginalized groups can actively create and appreciate literary works.

The research focuses on two socially excluded communities in Palu, Central Sulawesi: prison inmates and commercial sex workers. Both groups suffer from structural subordination, legal stigma, and cultural norms that deny them proper representation in national literacy. Using an antro-socio-literary approach—an interdisciplinary framework combining anthropology, sociology, and literature—the study employed qualitative methods: participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and textual analysis of poems and short stories produced during a six-month literacy workshop.Findings reveal three key contributions of literature: identity reconstruction and self-esteem restoration, psychosocial therapy through cathartic writing and reading, and social critique articulated via symbolic language. The works produced display thematic depth and aesthetic authenticity, reflecting alienation, loss, longing, spirituality, and hope. This confirms that marginalized communities possess creative capacity deserving recognition within contemporary Indonesian literature.The study affirms literature as a living social practice that negotiates identity, meaning, and symbolic resistance. Inclusive literature thus emerges as both cultural strategy and praxis for social transformation, bridging divides and advancing humanity.

PROJECT BASED LEARNING MODEL IN LEARNING TO WRITE CREATIVE LITERATURE FOR SOCIAL CHANGE

2025-12-05T16:24:40+07:00

This study aims to develop a model of creative literary writing learning using the Project Based Learning (PjBL) approach to enhance students' writing competence while fostering social awareness. The background of the research stems from the low interest and ability of students to write literature critically and expressively, especially in addressing social issues. This development research adopts a modified R&D method consisting of preliminary study, model design, expert validation, limited trial, revision, and implementation. The limited trial involved 10 university students tasked with writing short stories on social themes. Results show the PjBL model effectively increased students' creative engagement, reflective thinking, and empathy through literature. Expert validation rated the model as highly feasible, and students' works reflected a growing concern for social realities such as inequality, identity, and family issues. This model can serve as an innovative pedagogical strategy in higher education to integrate literary competence with social transformation goals.

THE ECHO OF MATRIARCHY: THE HIDDEN ROLE OF WOMEN IN MINANGKABAU'S BOAR HUNTING RITUAL

2025-12-05T16:28:12+07:00

Tradisi berburu babi di Minangkabau, yang sangat didominasi oleh kaum laki-laki, sering dianggap sebagai manifestasi dari maskulinitas dalam masyarakat yang menganut sistem matrilineal. Penelitian ini berfokus pada bagaimana peran perempuan dalam sistem matriarkat Minangkabau tidak dapat diabaikan dalam praktik perburuan babi, meskipun aktivitas ini secara kasat mata didominasi oleh laki-laki. Berburu babi, terutama di Padang Pariaman dengan prosesi adat yang disebut ghundiang lapiak, bukan hanya sekadar aktivitas fisik, tetapi juga memiliki kedalaman budaya dan sejarah yang mencerminkan hubungan manusia dengan alam dan identitas budaya Minangkabau. Dengan menggunakan kerangka teori gender dan kekuasaan dalam sistem matrilineal, serta metode etnografi partisipatif, penelitian ini mengeksplorasi interaksi antara peran laki-laki dan perempuan dalam tradisi ini. Data diperoleh melalui observasi langsung, wawancara mendalam, dan analisis dokumen adat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun berburu babi secara fisik dilakukan oleh laki-laki, perempuan memiliki peran penting dalam menentukan aturan, menjaga keberlanjutan tradisi, dan bahkan mempengaruhi strategi berburu. Dalam konteks matrilineal, tanah dan ladang yang menjadi milik perempuan mendorong laki-laki untuk berburu sebagai bentuk perlindungan dan pengakuan atas otoritas perempuan. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa peran perempuan dalam tradisi berburu babi adalah kunci dalam mempertahankan identitas budaya Minangkabau, sekaligus menunjukkan bahwa maskulinitas yang ditampilkan tidak bisa dilepaskan dari konteks matriarkat.

KALINDAQDAQ IN THE KHATAM QURAN RITUAL OF THE MANDAR COMMUNITY: ANTROPOLINGUISTICS APPROACH

2025-12-05T16:30:29+07:00

The Mandar people of West Sulawesi are rich in local culture. One such culture is kalindaqdaq. Kalindaqdaq is a type of Mandar poetry. The type of kalindaqdaq is adapted to the content of the kalindaqdaq, including educational kalindaqdaq, religious kalindaqdaq, entertainment or humor, and satire. Kalindaqdaq has various functions, one of which is as a means of communication for the Mandar people. Kalindaqdaq, as a means of communication for the Mandar people, is used in the ritual of completing the Quran. Children who have completed the Quran are mounted on dancing horses called sayyang pattuqdu. The child who has completed the Quran sits behind a jockey (passawe), usually a beautiful woman. Behind him is a parrawana (tambourine player) who plays the tambourine while playing the kalindaqdaq (makkalindaqdaq). The purpose of this study is to uncover the form and function of kalindaqdaq in the ritual of completing the Quran. The method used is the Simak method, with recording and note-taking techniques. Data analysis is descriptive.

LITERATURE AND THE ECOLOGICAL CRISIS: AN ECOCRITICAL STUDY OF THE NOVEL GEMURUH IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SINABUNG ERUPTION

2025-12-05T16:52:42+07:00

This study applies Greg Garrard's ecocritical framework to analyze Gemuruh, a novel by Hilmi Faiq that explores the complex relationship between humans and the environment in the context of the eruption of Mount Sinabung. Using six main aspects of ecocriticism, this study identifies how natural disasters are represented not only as destructive events, but also as triggers for personal transformation, community resilience, and ecological awareness. The analysis shows that volcanic ash and environmental degradation (pollution) are depicted alongside the cultural and emotional attachment of the Karo people to their land (settlements and wilderness). Apocalyptic imagery affirms the destructive power of nature as well as the ethical urgency of disaster preparedness, while representations of animals and the earth highlight interconnectedness within the ecological system. Through a combination of documentary-style narrative and lyrical prose, Gemuruh builds a layered reflection on the struggle for survival, loss, and coexistence with an unpredictable environment. This research contributes to the international ecocritical discourse by highlighting the Indonesian literary perspective on the environmental crisis and offering insights into the role of literature in fostering ecological empathy and disaster literacy.

THE POET’S IMAGINATION AS A VEHICLE FOR AWARENESS AND EMPOWERMENT AMID SOCIAL CONFLICT

2025-12-05T17:03:53+07:00

Makalah ini mengkaji imajinasi penyair sebagai medium pemberdayaan kesadaran sosial dalam tiga konteks ruang dan waktu, yaitu masa perang kemerdekaan yang membangkitkan heroisme dan patriotisme, pascakemerdekaan yang diwarnai situasi deskrimintif, dan era digital dengan dampak terpinggirkanya nilai-nilai kemanusiaan. Dengan teori imajinasi Gaston Bachelard serta Paul Ricoeur, dan teori sosiologi sastra Tery Eagleton, kajian ini menganalisis fungsi imajinasi dalam membangun kesadaran kritis terhadap polemik sosial-kemanusiaan yang berlangsung di ruang sosial. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah studi dokumen dengan analisis tekstual puisi-puisi penyair Indonesia lintas periode. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa imajinasi penyair Indonesia tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai sarana ekspresi estetik, tetapi juga mendorong hadirnya kekuatan etis dan wacana politis dalam merespon ketidakadilan sosial yang teramati oleh penyair. Penyair hadir sebagai penjaga nurani dan pencipta ruang alternatif wacana sosial di tengah fenonema represi, ketimpangan, dan dehumanisasi zaman. Penyair melalui karyanya merekam dinamika sosial-kemanusiaan sepanjang zaman. Puisi tidak hanya menjadi refleksi, tetapi juga alat pemberdayaan kesadaran pada ruang sosial.

THE RESILIENCE OF FEMALE WARRIORS IN THE MATARAM KINGDOM: A FEMINIST LITERARY ANALYSIS

2025-12-05T17:09:06+07:00

Historical narratives of Indonesia have predominantly highlighted male heroism, often sidelining the roles of female warriors, particularly during the Mataram Kingdom era. This omission creates a gap in understanding how women’s agency and resilience are represented in historical contexts. While historical fiction has emerged as a medium that revives and reimagines such narratives, critical scholarly attention to the feminist dimensions of these works remains limited. This study addresses this gap by examining the representation of female warriors’ resilience in prose fiction set in the Mataram Kingdom through the lens of feminist literary criticism. Adopting a qualitative descriptive method, the research involves close reading of selected texts, systematic coding based on feminist analytical categories (agency, resistance, equality), and the integration of intrinsic and extrinsic literary analysis with feminist theory. The findings reveal that female warrior characters are constructed as active agents with physical strength, psychological endurance, and strategic decision-making capacity, challenging the patriarchal constraints embedded in both historical and literary traditions. This study contributes to feminist literary scholarship by offering a nuanced reading of gendered resilience in Indonesian historical fiction and highlights its contemporary relevance in promoting gender equality and recognizing women’s leadership in defense and governance.

THE PHENOMENON OF CONNOTATION IN INDONESIAN POETRY

2025-12-05T17:16:10+07:00

Karya sastra merupakan ekspresi pengarang yang dituangkan dalam sebuah karya dengan pilihan kata yang indah. Ada makna yang terselubung dari kata-kata yang digunakan dalam karya sastra. Demikian pula pada puisi terdapat makna konotasi dalam larik-lariknya. Jenis penelitian ini kualitatif yang mendeskripsikan fenomena konotatif pada puisi Indonesia. Penelitian ini termasuk studi dokumen atau teks yang menitikberatkan pada analisis bahan tulis berdasarkan konteksnya. Data penelitian berupa kata-kata yang berhubungan dengan antariksa. Data penelitian berupa kata-kata dalam larik puisi yang menunjukkan antariksa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik baca dan catat. Objek utama dalam penelitian ini adalah puisi karya penyair Indonesia. Analisis dan identifikasi dalam kajian ini dilakukan secara terperinci untuk memperoleh hasil deskripsi dan identifikasi yang jelas mengenai kata-kata yang berhubungan dengan antariksa pada karya sastra Indonesia berupa puisi. Analisis data menggunakan teori linguistik sastrawi dan memberikan makna. Pada penelitian ini hasilnya akan disajikan dalam bentuk data verbal yang mengungkap makna, fungsi, konteks tentang antaraiksa. Hasil penelitian fenomena konotasi yang berkaitan dengan antariksa ditemukan langit, bumi, bintang, satelit, mentari , fajar, awan, rembulan yang mempunyai makna bahwa alam semesta yang peka terhadap penderitaan atau kebenaran, berbeda dengan manusia yang lalai. Kata-kata tersebut mempunyai fungsi mengkritik ketidaksadaran manusia terhadap realitas atau pesan penting di sekitarnya.

TRADITIONAL ORAL AND MANUSCRIPT-BASED PRODUCTS IN BANYUWANGI

2025-12-05T17:22:35+07:00

Banyuwangi is a cultural region with a variety of oral traditions and manuscripts that have the potential to become sources for the creation of creative products. The wealth of oral traditions includes gembrung, the Sri Tanjung folk tale, the kebo-keboan ritual, and the sacred seblang dance (Bakungan and Olehsari). Meanwhile, manuscripts in Banyuwangi include the Sri Tanjung lontar babad, the Yusuf mocoan lontar, the Tawangalun lontar babad, and the Ahmad lontar. All of these cultural heritages can be revitalised into creative and innovative creations in the form of short stories, poetry, graphic designs for T-shirts, batik, musical poetry, animations (films and children's books) and performing arts. This article reveals the creativity of artists who have created various creative products based on oral traditions and manuscripts. Data collection methods were conducted through interviews and focus group discussions. The issue that arises is how cultural practitioners in Banyuwangi can be innovative in their creativity by drawing on the wealth of oral traditions and manuscripts that exist in their cultural environment. The approach used to discuss this issue is Bourdieu's cultural study, namely the concepts of capital, arena, and habitus related to cultural practitioners who keep oral traditions and manuscripts alive. The first result obtained is that Banyuwangi has a diversity and wealth of traditional cultural capital. Secondly, potential revitalisation practices in the cultural industry include the creation of bamboo puppets based on the story of Sri Tanjung, short stories, and poems that highlight traditional idioms in a contemporary context.

DISCIPLINE OF THE BODY AND REPRODUCTIVE POWER: A FOUCAULDIAN READING OF VASECTOMY PRACTICES IN INDONESIAN PUBLIC DISCOURSE

2025-12-05T17:25:46+07:00

This study aims to describe how the state exercises power through biopolitical practices in regulating the bodies and reproductive capacities of poor men via the discourse of vasectomy, as well as to examine the forms of social resistance that emerge against such policies. The focus of this study is on the statement made by West Java Governor Dedi Mulyadi, who proposed vasectomy as an ideal form of participation for poor men in the family planning (KB) program. The research applies Michel Foucault’s theory of biopolitics of the body. The findings reveal that the state uses multidimensional discursive strategies to regulate the male body of the poor—ranging from public moralization through viral family cases, internalization of masculine responsibility, medical legitimization, economic incentives, to the framing of gender equality. These strategies reflect the operation of biopower, which combines disciplinary and productive forces.However, within this configuration, resistance also arises—through religion, human rights discourse, global critiques of social selectivity in population policy, and symbolic rejection of stigmatization. Such resistance does not manifest in frontal or legalistic forms but rather through symbolic reversals, narrative critique, and public empathy that challenge the state’s visual and moral strategies in narrating bodily control.

ECOCRITICAL AND ECOTOURISM ANALYSIS OF EBIET SONGS

2025-12-05T17:29:17+07:00

This study examines the ecocritical dimension and the potential of ecotourism in the lyrics of Ebiet G. Ade, an Indonesian musician known for his sensitivity to humanitarian and environmental issues. Using an ecocritical approach, this study aims to explore how Ebiet's songs represent the ecological crisis, the relationship between humans and nature, and spiritual reflections on natural disasters that occur in Indonesia. Furthermore, ecotourism values such as environmental conservation, local wisdom, and community education are also identified in the messages of his lyrics. Data were collected through lyric documentation and analyzed using a descriptive qualitative approach. Five songs, namely "Berjalan di Hutan Cemara", " Biarkanlah Hati yang Bicara", " Berita ke Kawan", " Untuk Kita Renungan", and " Camellia III" were analyzed using an ecocritical approach and the potential of ecotourism. It can be concluded that the five songs contain strong ecological narratives, both in the form of diction, metaphors, and social criticism of the exploitation of nature. The findings indicate that Ebiet G. Ade's works function not only as works of art but also as a medium for environmental awareness campaigns and have the potential to support culture-based ecotourism. It can also be concluded that music can be an educational tool in building collective awareness of ecological issues and encouraging people to care more about environmental preservation and sustainable tourism.

REPRESENTATION OF RELIGIOUS AND FEMINIST ISSUES IN THE SOCIAL LANDSCAPE OF THE FILM “TUHAN IZINKAN AKU BERDOSA”

2025-12-18T14:59:53+07:00

This study aims to analyzes the representation of religious and feminist issues in the social landscape narrated in the film “Tuhan, Izinkan Aku Berdosa. This film is an interesting object of study because it raises sensitive and relevant social issues in Indonesian society. This study uses a qualitative approach with combination analysis methods of Barthes' semiotics and intersectional feminism. The results show that there is a meaning shift from the signs attached to Kiran, from symbols of poverty, obedience, resignation, and purity to become symbols of strength, courage, resistance, and empowerment. Kiran’s oppression is not solely due to gender, but also due to intersection of class-based oppression, power, and religious dogma. Kiran's acts of resistance, using her body as a resistance strategy, her actions as control, and her voice as empowerment to expose the elite’s hypocrisy, become a powerful social critique. This film also builds a new myth that women's empowerment is formed from their ability to transform trauma into strength to fight against layered systems of oppression. The novelty of this finding lies in in-depth analysis of intersecting two complex power dynamics, which interact, collide, and engage in dialectics on social landscapes.

REPRESENTATIONS OF MESSIANISM IN 19 TH CENTURY JAVANESE SOCIETY IN INDONESIAN NOVELS SET DURING THE JAVAN WAR(1825-1830)

2025-12-05T17:32:52+07:00

The history of resistance by wong cilik (the common people), especially in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, against colonialism was often driven by a belief in the coming of a Javanese messiah. This was the case during the Java War (1825-1830). Messianism was often depicted as a mystical figure with diverse beliefs, including when the messiah was presented in literary texts. This study aims to describe the representation of messianism in nineteenth-century Javanese society in Indonesian novels set during the Java War (1825-1830). The data consists of story facts, including the storyline, characters, setting, themes, and other literary devices from data sources that contain information related to the research objectives. The data was obtained through reading and note-taking techniques. The data sources were selected purposively, namely Indonesian novels set during the Java War that represent the messianism of 19th-century Javanese society, namely (1) Pangeran Diponegoro: Menggagas Ratu Adil (2007) and (2) Pangeran Diponegoro: Menuju Sosok Khalifah (2008) by Remy Sylado. The data was then analyzed qualitatively from a new historicism perspective. The results of the study reveal that the messianism of Javanese society in Indonesian novels is represented as follows. (1) Nineteenth-century Javanese messianism was formed between a belief in mystical prophecies and logical leadership education. (2) Javanese messianism was born from the Javanese people's belief in the presence of the Ratu Adil (Just King) as well as the concept of a caliph on earth. The two are not contradictory, but are represented as integral concepts. The resistance against colonialism driven by the concept of Javanese messianism articulates the community's hopes for change.

THE POETICS OF TRAVEL WRITING IN SUMINTO A. SAYUTI’S POETRY ANTHOLOGY KETIKA DIRI ADALAH KEPULANGAN DAN KEBERANGKATAN (2023)

2025-12-05T17:38:33+07:00

This study analyzes the construction of travel poetry in Ketika Diri adalah Kepulangan dan Keberangkatan (2023) by Suminto A. Sayuti. Different from most studies of travel writing which tend to analyze travel in prose, this study shows poetry, with its dense and metaphorical aspects, is able to interpret both physical and spiritual travel in complicated ways. This study uses the theory and method of travel writing, focusing on the analysis of narrative constructions, including spatial description, temporal sequence, symbolism, and the meaning of the journey. The sample of this research consists of four poems: “Malam Malang”, “Dari Semarang”, “Malam Ngawi”, and “Sura-madu”. The analysis finds that the texts use both objective and subjective spatial representations. However, subjective representations show greater dominance as they tend to represent the reflective and emotive experiences of the lyrical self. The representations of reflection also depict travel as a metaphor of life, which is fleeting, while invoking a religious dimension. Thus, these travel-poems narrate the experience of geographical travels while expressing, in complicated fashion, the dynamics of the inner self, the meaning of self and the essence, self-meaning, and the essence of life.

HEALING MANTRAS BASED ON RIVER AND FOREST ECOLOGY IN THE NGAJU DAYAK TRIBE OF CENTRAL KALIMANTAN: A STUDY OF AESTHETICS AND MEANING FROM AN ORAL LITERATURE PERSPECTIVE

2025-12-05T16:27:33+07:00

This study examines healing mantras rooted in river and forest ecology in the Ngaju Dayak community in Central Kalimantan. The aim of the study is to examine the aesthetic structure and layers of meaning of this oral tradition using Roland Barthes's semiotic theory (denotation, connotation, myth). A descriptive qualitative method was applied through a literature review, which included documentation of mantra texts from academic publications, previous research on traditional Dayak healing practices, and a review of literature on literary ecology and semiotic theory. The findings indicate that healing mantras function as ecological texts: rivers and forests are not only physical locations but also symbols of cleansing, protection, and cosmic continuity. As an aesthetic endeavor, the mantras utilize repetition, alliteration, ecological metaphors, and culturally rich Ngaju vocabulary. Semiotic aspects reveal layers of meaning that connect human health to environmental balance and collective moral ethics. This article proposes that the oral tradition of the Ngaju Dayak be viewed as a source of ecological knowledge relevant to sustainability discourse.

GENDER PERFORMATIVITY IN THE FOLK TALE OF PRINCESS TADAMPALIK: AN ANALYSIS OF BUTLER AND GYNOCRITISM SHOWALTER

2025-12-05T17:41:17+07:00

This study aims to analyze gender performativity in the folk tale Princess Tandampalik, a traditional story from the Kingdom of Luwu in South Sulawesi, using two approaches: Judith Butler's theory of gender performativity and Elaine Showalter's framework of gynocriticism. This paper aims to obtain an overview of gender performativity through the symbolic actions depicted in the story and how the representation of women's experiences in the story as a narrative heritage has the potential to empower women. The data source was obtained from the published text of the folk tale. The data analysis technique used Judith Butler's framework and Showalter's version of the gynocriticism analysis framework. The results of this study indicate that the character of Princess Tandampalik, from Butler's perspective of performativity, represents an active gender subject, a beautiful and obedient woman who does not simply accept traditional norms but instead shapes and renegotiates her social role through symbolic actions. The folk tale of Princess Tandampalik can be read as a local representation of fluid, negotiable, and performative gender. Based on the perspective of gynocriticism, which analyzes four main aspects, namely biological, linguistic, psychological, and cultural, it can be read as a text that highlights women's experiences, not merely as objects of narrative but as centers of agency and decision-making. This story provides space for women's voices to appear in their entirety, as subjects who love and are loved.

REPRESENTATION OF IDENTITY AND THE TITLE OF DIPONEGORO IN INDONESIAN FICTION

2025-12-05T17:43:42+07:00

Prince Diponegoro was a phenomenal figure who inspired the Javanese people to defend their dignity. His turbulent and dynamic life story has also been a source of inspiration for writers in creating their works. His identity and title in history are widely known, but his identity and title in fiction still need to be explored. This study aims to reveal and describe the representation of Prince Diponegoro's identity and title in Indonesian novels. The approach used in this study is New Historicism. The data sources for this research are four novels set against the backdrop of Prince Diponegoro, namely: 1) Novel Diponegoro: Menggagas Ratu Adil (Diponegoro: Conceiving the Just Queen), 2) Novel Diponegoro: Menuju Sosok Khilafah (Diponegoro: Towards the Figure of the Caliphate), both by Remi Sylado; 3) Sang Pangeran & Janissary Terakhir (The Prince & The Last Janissary) by Salim A. Fillah; and the novel Diponegoro: Pangeran Bermata Tajam Berkilat Iman (Diponegoro: The Prince with Sharp Eyes and Shining Faith) by Yudhi AW. The data collection technique used was reading and note-taking. The data consisted of factual stories, including storylines, characters, settings, themes, and other literary devices from data sources containing information related to the research problem, which were analyzed qualitatively using a new historicism approach. The results of this study show the representation of Diponegoro's identity in Indonesian novels, namely: 1) Javanese aristocrat, 2) born with special qualities, 3) educated outside the palace, 4) close to Islam and Islamic scholars, 5) leader of the Holy War; 6) serving as Wali Sultan, 7) religious and political leader, 8) loved by the people and the commoners; 9) labeled a rebel and became the Dutch's most wanted fugitive. The representation of Diponegoro's titles in Indonesian novels are: 1) Sultan Abdul Hamid, 2) Herucokro, 3) Kabirul Mukminin, 4) Sayyidin Panatagama, 5) Senopati Sabilillah, 6) Khalifah Rasulullah ing Tanah Jawi. Overall, it is understood that Prince Diponegoro was a sultan, a just ruler, a religious leader and administrator, a military commander, and the representative of the Prophet Muhammad in Java for his followers.

A NARRATIVE ANALYSIS OF IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION IN ONLINE PLATFORM LITERATURE

2025-12-05T17:46:56+07:00

This study investigates the construction of cultural identity in digital literature through a narrative analysis of works published on Wattpad, Webtoon, and literary blogs. It responds to the paradigm shift in communication and cultural expression driven by rapid digital technological advances, which position digital literature as an interactive space between authors and readers. The study aims to identify mechanisms of cultural identity formation through narrative elements and to examine the influence of user interaction in shaping these processes. Employing a qualitative design, it integrates narrative analysis, critical discourse analysis, and hermeneutic interpretation. Data were collected via purposive sampling of 30 representative digital literary works, documentation of reader–author interactions, and in-depth interviews. Findings reveal three dominant strategies: integrating local symbols and values, depicting characters as embodiments of collective identity, and adapting traditions into visual–interactive formats. Interaction analysis shows that 78% of reader comments reinforce or reinterpret cultural identity, while 65% of authors acknowledge the influence of reader feedback. The study’s novelty lies in proposing an interdisciplinary narrative analysis framework synthesising literary theory, digital culture, and participatory communication, thereby advancing digital literature scholarship and offering strategic recommendations for platforms and authors to optimise digital media in constructing cultural identity.

SUBALTERN VOICES AND COLONIAL DESIRE: RECLAIMING THE NYAI’S AGENCY IN INDONESIAN COLONIAL LITERATURE

2025-12-10T18:17:40+07:00

This study examines the Nyai—a concubine figure situated at the intersection of colonial power, patriarchy, and racial hybridity—in Indonesian colonial literature. It offers a paired reading of Nyai Ontosoroh in Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s Bumi Manusia and Nyi Sadikem in Artie Ahmad’s recent novel Nyi Sadikem (Marjin Kiri), arguing that both texts reposition the Nyai from a stigmatized object of colonial desire to a speaking subject who negotiates agency within constraining structures. Applying postcolonial theory (Bhabha’s hybridity, mimicry, ambivalence; Said’s Orientalism), the analysis focuses on Nyai Ontosoroh’s struggle to be literate, and building the capability to manage her husband’s business, and Nyi Sadikem’s struggle to survive, which is rooted in vernacular memory and the “gowok” tradition—through embodied knowledge and community ties. Those two novels articulated the politics of resistance and intimacy in colonial eras. By focusing on Nyai, the current study contributes to decolonial feminist reading, especially highlighting subalternity, colonial intimacy, and educational implications, all of which are an effort to reclaim marginalized women as historical and cultural agents.

LITERARY ECOLOGY AND LOCAL GENIUS OF BUGIS-MAKASSAR IN THE NOVEL YANG TERSISA DARI YANG TERSISA, WRITTEN BY NURHADY SIRIMOROK

2025-12-14T14:40:59+07:00

This article aims to describe the relationship between humans and nature and humans towards local genius in the novel Yang Tersisa dari Yang Tersisa by Nurhady Sirimorok. This study is analyzed through an ecocriticism approach based on Greg Garrard's theory, focusing on his perspective regarding the concept of Dwelling. Based on Georgic's point, humans' interaction with nature describes interactions that destroy nature. The results of this analysis show that implicitly, in the novel, there is a phenomenon of exploitation of the forest that makes wild boars leave their habitat in search of food to survive. Furthermore, this article not only improves the understanding of literary ecology but also shows the values of the local genius of the Bugis-Makassar tribe in Indonesia from the aspect of advice and supernatural elements, offering valuable lessons for navigating a world increasingly shaped by technological advancements.

FUTURE DEHUMANIZATION IN SOPHIA BANKS’ SHORT FILM UNREGISTERED: STUDY OF GOTTLIEB’S DYSTOPIAN LITERATURE

2025-12-14T14:44:46+07:00

This study aims to reveal forms of dehumanization in Unregistered, a short film by Sophia Banks, through a dystopian literary approach. The film portrays a future society governed by a totalitarian system enforcing a strict one-child policy, rendering second-born children illegal. Using a qualitative method with descriptive analysis, this research applies Erika Gottlieb’s dystopian theory. Findings indicate that Unregistered reflects key dystopian traits described by Gottlieb, or a universe of terror and trial. First, identity erasure is evident through the arrest of undocumented individuals. Second, perceptual manipulation emerges via technology, shown in Emily’s life, which depends on visual data recorded by Ata. Third, emotional and individual erasure is represented by Emily’s identity being substituted by Ata to maintain her existence. Fourth, mental control and historical erasure are illustrated by Emily’s disappearance and the subsequent denial of her existence. The film highlights a modern crisis where science and state policy become instruments of control that strip away humanity. Thus, Unregistered serves as speculative fiction and political allegory, critiquing power relations and ethical collapse in modern society.

THE PHENOMENON OF FEMALE'S DEIXIS IN THE DRAMA PERAHU NUH II BY ASPAR PATURUSI

2025-12-14T14:47:58+07:00

Deixis is a field of linguistic pragmatics that emphasizes the use of language in text and context to direct communication narratives to the right interpretation. In relation to this article, deixis research in literary works was conducted to place the right interpretation of female deixis in the narrative of speech acts in the drama Perahu Nuh II by Aspar Paturusi. This research also enriches literary readers about the presence of women in literary narratives as part of the social context and language structure. This research is a qualitative research that synergizes the research method of language structure with social interpretation called linguistic pragmatics on the object of study of literary works, namely the drama Perahu Nuh II by Aspar Paturusi. Literature review was conducted on a number of female deixis in the analysis of literary text dialogues presented descriptively. Based on the results of the study, the types of deixis that lead to the interpretation of women include persona, place, time, discourse, social, deixis reversal, and context-sensitive deixis. Persona deixis refers to the role and presence of a person in speech. Location/place deixis is the labeling of form to location, space, and place in non-speech events. Temporal/time deixis is the expression of the time distance of an utterance in a language event. Discourse deixis refers to certain parts of the discourse that are textual or referential in the text. Social deixis reveals differences in social background between the speaker and the listener which are manifested in the choice of certain words. Deixis reversal is the event of referring to the speech act in reverse to the speaker. Context-sensitive deixis is defined as the use of certain deixis in certain contexts related to the person in terms of language politeness.

UTILIZATION OF AI ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF POETRY WRITING

2025-12-14T14:50:24+07:00

So far, the use of Artificial Intelligence, commonly called AI, is increasingly prominent among students, students, especially among literature students, and audiences who are in charge of literary issues, especially the development of poetry writing. Related to that, things that must be done both technically and strategically are to collaborate with the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The purpose of writing using the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the development of poetry writing is the use of technology to facilitate human activities in helping information more effectively and efficiently. The research method applied in this writing is a descriptive-qualitative method, namely describing selected popular Indonesian literary works, especially poems that in their development utilize Artificial Intelligence. Related to this writing plan, the data source is taken from Kemaran: Anthology of Poetry published by the Indonesian Scholars-Literature Association (HISKI)) Komda DKI Jakarta in 2003. This poetry anthology gathers eight poetry writers who are members of HISKI Komda DKI Jakarta. Of the eight writers, "it is not a good and beautiful work". Therefore. themes that are randomly drawn. The themes to be described are taken as a sample from each author. The results of the analysis can be concluded that the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be known for the development of poetry works in Kemarau: Anthology of Poetry, showing that there are shortcomings and weaknesses in the development of poetry creation, the location of weaknesses and shortcomings can be known. Thus, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) can help write poetry effectively and efficiently, especially for beginner writers, both students, students, and the community in charge of poetry writing problems.

DIVERSITY OF JAMBI SOCIETY MYTHS; A CRITICAL STUDY OF THEIR MEANING AND VALUE OF USE

2025-12-14T16:34:39+07:00

The purpose of this paper is to describe the diversity of myths in Jambi society; their meaning and usefulness. The method used is a field study to obtain data sources and the meaning of myths in society. The research technique of literature study is primarily in discussing and concluding descriptively-qualitatively to understand the benefits of myths in Jambi society. Through a qualitative approach, the data obtained are interpreted based on the time of use and the purpose of the myth conveyed. After the discussion, it was found that the diversity of myths in Jambi society is the myth of birth, circumcision, marriage, and death. Birth myths such as, during Maghrib prayer, pregnant women are not allowed to leave the house, meaning that the baby in the womb is not disturbed by spirits. The useful value of not leaving the house at Maghrib prayer is to increase discipline in performing Maghrib prayer on time. The myth during circumcision is that a circumcised child is not allowed to eat eggs, durian, goat, spicy food, and sour food. The meaning of this myth is so that the child's body does not easily become hot, and the wounds experienced will heal quickly so that it is useful to be careful in consuming food. A myth surrounding marriage is that marriage is not permitted during the months of Safar or Muharram. The myth is that marrying in Safar or Muharram is believed to bring bad luck to the bride and groom. The benefit of this myth is that it fosters a sense of independence and understanding that marriage is not prohibited in any Arabic month. A myth surrounding death is that one should not cry or mourn. This myth's meaning is to avoid disturbing the deceased's spirit, and its benefit is to foster patience, sincerity, and faith in Allah SWT in the family left behind.

REPRESENTATION OF NATURE IN THE ART OF “BELATIK” AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR LITERATURE LEARNING

2025-12-18T15:10:13+07:00

This study aims to explore the meaning of pantun in the “belatik” art of the Jerieng community in Bangka and connect it with the concept of ecocriticism. The focus is to identify representations of ecological concepts, including pollution, wilderness, apocalypse, dwellings, animals, and the earth. The research employed a qualitative approach with ecocritical analysis of data in the form of belatik lyrics, collected through observation and note-taking from live performances, as well as in-depth interviews with belatik artists. The findings reveal that belatik represent five main ecological concepts: pollution, willderness, dwellings, animals, and the earth. These representations are conveyed through natural symbols, references to local flora and fauna, and depictions of the interconnectedness between humans and the environment. The art of belatik serves not only as a form of cultural expression but also as a medium for delivering ecological messages rich in local wisdom. This research underscores the potential of traditional arts as a medium for literary education capable of fostering ecological awareness in society.

READER RESPONSE AND AI-BASED LITERARY LEARNING: A PSYCHOLOGICAL-EXISTENTIAL CASE STUDY IN MODERN INDONESIAN LITERATURE

2025-12-18T19:37:24+07:00

This essay introduces a novel pedagogical approach for instructing modern Indonesian literature through the integration of Reader Response Theory and artificial intelligence. This analysis emphasizes psychological and existential problems in Armijn Pane's Belenggu, Y.B. Mangunwijaya's Burung-Burung Manyar, and Laksmi Pamuntjak's Amba, while prioritizing students' individual interpretations. AI instruments—sentiment analysis, reflective chatbots, and prompt generators—facilitate profound, adaptive contemplation. The study used a descriptive qualitative approach that integrates a literature review and organized classroom observation, revealing that AI-assisted reader response enhances engagement in emotive, cognitive, and creative domains. An examination of five pivotal passages from each work reveals that students more easily relate the characters' conflicts with identity, history, love, and freedom to their personal experiences, fostering empathy and self-awareness. AI facilitates immediate feedback and customized pathways tailored to individual learner profiles. This approach expands literary pedagogy and cultivates readers' awareness of their role within texts and the world, providing a reflective and adaptable model appropriate for twenty-first-century education and classrooms.

EXAMINING THE FIGURE OF JAVANESE WOMEN FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SHORT STORIES BY AUTHORS FROM DIFFERENT ERAS AND ACROSS CULTURES

2025-12-21T18:23:08+07:00

Many writers have questioned the figure of women with various local perspectives, such as IBW Widiasa Keniten on Balinese women, H.R. Hidayat Suryalaga on Sundanese women, Mochtar Naim and Sastri Bakri on Minang women, and Umar Kayam who presents portraits of Javanese women. The locality of the female figures as characters presented by these writers strongly depicts their regional characteristics. In the short story entitled Mbok Jah, Umar Kayam, with his sociological background, is able to present a complex and realistic portrait of women. On the other hand, reading the short story entitled Mbah Marinah by Riqqah Dhianty also depicts the locality of Javanese women who work as porters at Bring Harjo Market with all their innocence and simplicity. What is interesting is that the depiction of the figure of Javanese women is presented by young/novice writers who come from ethnicities and cultures outside Java (Sumatra), and are also born in the millennial era. The thick Javanese character of Mbah Marinah is reminiscent of the female character Mbok Jah in Umar Kayam's short story. Both short stories depict a Javanese woman who is very weak, simple, but has strong and steadfast principles. Even in the short story of Mbah Marinah, resignation to her fate as a porter in the market is equivalent to the resignation of the character Mbok Jah as a household helper in Umar Kayam's short story. In this case, the existence of short story writers from different eras and ethnic cultures in questioning the figure of Javanese women who are Javanese, turns out to have equal social and cultural values, so it is very interesting to discuss it in more depth.